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The Sahtu Region, an administrative area in Canada's Northwest Territories, corresponds to the settlement region outlined in the 1993 Sahtu Dene and Metis Comprehensive Land Claim Agreement. Spanning 41,437 km2 (15,999 sq mi), this territory is collectively owned by its Indigenous Sahtu (Dene) and Métis residents. While the population is predominantly First Nations, Norman Wells stands out as a significant non-Indigenous presence due to its role as the regional office. Established in 1920 to support the sole producing oilfield in the Canadian Territories, Norman Wells held strategic importance during World War II, envisioned as a vital resource in case of a potential Japanese invasion of Alaska. However, the Canol pipeline project, undertaken by the United States Army to tap into the region's petroleum resources, operated for less than a year as the anticipated need never arose. Following the abandonment of the Canol project, development in the region has been relatively restrained compared to other parts of the territory. Despite long-standing plans for pipelines and highways along the Mackenzie River toward the Arctic Ocean, the influential Mackenzie Valley Pipeline Inquiry suggested a construction moratorium until local Indigenous land claims could be resolved. Presently, the Sahtu lacks all-weather roads connecting it to the rest of Canada. The contiguous North American pipeline network extends to its northernmost point at Norman Wells, linked to Zama City, Alberta in 1984. Ground transportation relies on seasonal winter and ice roads, while the disused Canol route contributes to the Trans Canada Trail system.
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