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Northern Limit Line (2)

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The Northern Limit Line (NLL), also known as the North Limit Line, is a contentious maritime boundary dividing the Yellow (West) Sea between the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) in the north and the Republic of Korea (ROK) in the south. Serving as the practical maritime demarcation, it separates North and South Korea, operating as a line of military control. This demarcation stretches from the mainland part of Gyeonggi-do province, previously part of Hwanghae before 1945, and encompasses neighboring offshore islands such as Yeonpyeong and Baengnyeongdo. Due to the armistice terms, the mainland reverted to North Korean authority, while the islands remained under South Korean jurisdiction despite their close proximity. Consisting of straight line segments connecting about 12 approximate channel midpoints, the NLL extends from the Military Demarcation Line (MDL) into the sea. These segments form an arc designed to prevent unauthorized passage between the two sides. Towards its western end, the line follows the 38th parallel, extending out to the median line between Korea and China.

Northern Limit Line - Wikipedia

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On Friday, January 5th, 2024, the island of Baengnyeong in South Korea faced a critical situation. North Korea initiated a distressing event by firing numerous artillery shells into the waters off its western coast. This aggressive action led to an immediate emergency evacuation order for civilians residing on the western border island of Baengnyeong, mirroring the situation on Yeonpyeong Island. The evacuation directives were issued at 12:02 p.m. and repeated at 12:30 p.m., prompted by the South Korean military following the detection of artillery firings originating from North Korea's southwestern coastal areas, specifically from Jangsan Cape and Deungsan Cape, between 9:00 a.m. and 11:00 a.m. The decision to evacuate was made after a military unit reported conducting a maritime strike on Yeongpyeong Island due to the ongoing North Korean provocation. Fortunately, no casualties were reported, enabling a swift evacuation response to ensure the safety of Baengnyeong's residents. The severity of the situation caused disruptions in transportation, as a passenger ferry scheduled to depart from Incheon for Yeonpyeong at 1 p.m. was immobilized due to the evacuation order. The shells launched by North Korea fell within the maritime buffer zone north of the Northern Limit Line (NLL), a border established to reduce tensions between North and South Korea.

On Friday, January 5th, 2024, the South Korean island of Yeonpyeong experienced a significant event. North Korea launched a barrage of around 200 artillery shells into the waters off its western coast. This action prompted an immediate emergency evacuation order for civilians on Yeonpyeong and neighboring Baengnyeong islands. The artillery firing, detected between 9:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m., originated from North Korea's southwestern coastal areas, targeting the maritime buffer zone north of the Northern Limit Line (NLL) in the Yellow Sea. Despite this provocative act, there were fortunately no reported damages to South Korean citizens or the military, nor were there any reported human losses resulting from North Korea's firing. The South Korean military swiftly responded to the situation, labeling North Korea's actions as highly provocative. The Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) condemned North Korea's move and emphasized the responsibility for the escalating crisis lay entirely with North Korea. They called for an immediate halt to such actions. At 12:02 p.m. and later at 12:30 p.m., an emergency evacuation order was issued for Yeonpyeong at the request of the South Korean military, ensuring the safety of civilians in shelters. A similar alert was also issued for the neighboring island of Baengnyeong around the same time. The escalation prompted the cancellation of a passenger ferry scheduled to depart from Incheon for Yeonpyeong at 1 p.m. due to the evacuation order. In response to North Korea's provocation, the South Korean Marines stationed on Yeonpyeong conducted live-fire artillery drills in the afternoon, utilizing K9 self-propelled howitzers. This marked the first time such exercises had taken place on the northwestern border islands since the signing of the 2018 inter-Korean military accord, intended to ease tensions across the border. Despite the tension and evacuation measures, there were no reported casualties from the North Korean firing. The shells landed within the established buffer zone, which had been created to reduce tensions between North and South Korea.

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