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Gothic (77)

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Gothic architecture (or pointed architecture) is an architectural style that was prevalent in Europe from the late 12th to the 16th century, during the High and Late Middle Ages, surviving into the 17th and 18th centuries in some areas. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture.

Gothic architecture - Wikipedia

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Data Points with Word "Gothic"

History enthusiasts visiting Melville will want to include the Melville Heritage Museum in their plans. This museum is housed in one of the town’s oldest buildings, originally constructed in 1913 in a collegiate Gothic style using buff-coloured brick. Initially built as the Luther Academy, it served as an educational institution until 1926 when the academy relocated to Regina. Afterward, it became St. Paul’s Home for the Aged & Orphans. The museum's journey began in 1975 when the first board was formed, and in 1981, the City of Melville declared the building a Heritage Site. The museum officially opened its doors in 1983 during the city's 75th anniversary celebrations. Today, the museum strives to highlight the ethnic diversity of Melville and the surrounding area while preserving the history of early Lutheran education in the province.The museum boasts over 10,000 artifacts, along with around 1,000 books, including textbooks in languages such as German, English, Greek, Ukrainian, and Latin. The building's three floors are home to 22 rooms of exhibits that cover local, provincial, and national history. Highlights include collections on Chapel, Library, Grand Trunk Pacific/CNR, Military and Sports History, over 100 original black-and-white photographs of Melville's early years, as well as murals and a gift shop.Located 1.3 km north of the No. 10 Highway overpass, the museum offers limited wheelchair access. Visitors requiring the lift, which is located at the side door and provides access to the main floor, should contact the museum in advance or notify the guide upon arrival.The museum is open from May to August, seven days a week, from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. Admission is $5 for adults, while children 12 and under enter for free. For more information, you can call (306) 728-2070.

The Romanesque single-nave Church of St. Michael, dating back to the 13th century, stands on a nearby hill. Inside, it houses precious 15th-century frescoes that are still awaiting professional restoration. The frescoes were created using a technique of wall painting on fresh plaster, which requires speed and precision, as corrections can only be made by removing and replacing the entire plaster layer. To ensure accuracy, painters first sketched the design on cardboard and then transferred the outlines onto the fresh plaster. The artist behind these frescoes remains unknown, but the style is distinctly Gothic, with a notable tendency towards caricature, often evident in the exaggerated features like fleshy mouths and blunt noses. The central figure in the fresco is Christ, depicted kneeling before a chalice, with a wicker fence painted along the bottom edge. In the middle of the church stands a statue of St. Michael, while the left wall displays a series of frescoes illustrating scenes from the Bible, stretching from right to left. The right wall remains white and empty. The frescoes follow a chronological narrative, with only one scene depicting the birth of Jesus. The artist placed a particular emphasis on the resurrected Christ, highlighting the path He takes toward the final resurrection. The scenes, in order, are The Adoration of the Three Kings, The Last Supper, The Kiss of Judas (beneath which Glagolitic graffiti reads '1545, month of December, 16th'), Christ before Pilate (accompanied by Glagolitic script stating 'To pisa overflovan'), The Flagellation, St. George, and The Last Judgment. A window now occupies the space where St. George and The Last Judgment should be.

Predjama Castle, also known as Predjamski grad or grad Predjama in Slovene, Höhlenburg Lueg in German, and Castel Lueghi in Italian, stands as a Renaissance fortress nestled within a cave entrance in the heart of south-central Slovenia, within the historical region of Inner Carniola. Situated in the village of Predjama, it lies approximately 11 kilometers from Postojna and 9 kilometers from Postojna Cave. Historically, the castle dates back to 1274 when it was first mentioned under the German name Luegg, commissioned by the Patriarch of Aquileia and constructed in the Gothic style. Perched strategically under a natural rocky arch high in a stone wall, its design aimed to deter easy access. Over time, it came under the ownership and expansion efforts of the Luegg noble family, also known as the Knights of Adelsberg. Predjama Castle gained fame as the residence of the knight Erasmus of Lueg during the 15th century. Erasmus, a renowned robber baron, found himself in conflict with the Habsburgs after a series of events, including the killing of Marshal Pappenheim. Legend has it that Erasmus, besieged by the Holy Roman Emperor's forces, utilized a hidden passageway to maintain supplies and continue his resistance efforts. Following the siege and destruction of the original castle, subsequent reconstructions took place, with the current Renaissance-style castle being built in 1570 adjacent to the original medieval fortifications. Throughout the centuries, it served as a favored summer retreat for notable families like the Cobenzls. In the 19th and 20th centuries, ownership of the castle changed hands multiple times until it was ultimately confiscated and nationalized by Yugoslav Communist authorities after World War II, becoming a museum. Today, Predjama Castle stands as a testament to centuries of history and serves as a popular tourist destination, offering insights into medieval life and architecture in Slovenia.

The church, dating back to 1404 and financed by Lady Engaldruda de Vanto, initially followed a Gothic design, evident in its nave and cross vault. Later, during the Baroque period, renovations added the presbytery and dome. Antonio Trevisan's 1669 design for the altar, based on Bonfante Zorzi's plans, is complemented by Ambrogio Bon's 1705 painting of Our Lady of the Snows. Illusionistic paintings from the 19th century adorn the ceiling, while gold-plated frames by Battista Marangon showcase biblical motifs on the sidewalls. Paintings attributed to Tommaso Gregolin embellish the northern wall, with works by various artists displayed elsewhere. Despite thefts in the 1990s, copies of stolen paintings grace the southern wall. Notable discoveries during a 1969 reconstruction include a 17th-century painting, 'Procession of Our Lady of the Snows,' now above the entrance door, and a Gothic-era 'Crucifixion' and 'Annunciation' uncovered beneath later works, dating to the 15th century. These discoveries represent unique examples of Gothic table paintings in Slovene Istria.

Holy Trinity Church, known as cerkev sv. Trojice in Slovene and Chiesa della Santissima Trinità in Italian, is a historic structure situated in Hrastovlje, a village in southwestern Slovenia. Its origins are debated, with one theory suggesting it dates back to the 12th century as a Romanesque church, while another posits it as an exemplar of Istrian Early Venetian Renaissance architecture from the 15th century. Positioned beyond a protective wall erected by locals in the 16th century to shield against Turkish invasions, this church is part of defensive structures known as 'tabor' scattered across Slovenian-settled regions.History of the Church of the Holy Trinity in HrastovljeThe church in Hrastovlje stands on rock without deep foundations and is mainly built from exposed stone, typical of the coastal region. It lacks extensive plaster, revealing its construction. With only two windows due to local weather conditions, the interior remains dim. Modifications over time include the addition of a protective outer wall, reducing natural light. Distinct from other pilgrim churches, it has its bell tower on the west side. Despite its small size—11.7 meters long and 6.05 meters wide—it's considered an example of Istrian Renaissance architecture from the late 15th century. The current northwestern entrance was likely established around 1776, differing from the original entrance near the bell tower.The Interior of the Church of the Holy Trinity in HrastovljeJohannes de Castua (John of Kastav) completed painting Gothic frescoes in the church on July 13, 1490. These intricate artworks include Glagolitic script in some sections. Among the most renowned is the Dance of Death or 'Danse Macabre.' These masterpieces, concealed under layers of plaster, were unveiled in 1949 by the academic sculptor Jože Pohlen.The external wall of the Church of the Holy Trinity in HrastovljeLeander Zarotus likely fortified the church with a wall, expanding its defense. The 8-meter-thick limestone wall, reinforced around the late 15th century, envelops the entire structure, allowing only the bell-tower and its cross to emerge above it. Initially erected as protection against Turkish invasions, the wall is shaped as an irregular rectangle and features two bastion-like towers. One tower guards the southeast, while the other, on the northwest side, defends the entrance from the village. These towers show traces of two layers for archers, indicating a previous higher structure capable of accommodating three archer levels. Additionally, a former balcony above the entrance gates served as a vantage point for defense tactics such as hurling stones or pouring boiling liquids on assailants.

The renowned Holy Trinity Church lies concealed behind a defensive wall constructed in the late 16th century. This Roman three-nave church boasts a barrel vault and a lofty bell tower adorned with Gothic paintings dating back to 1490. These paintings, attributed to Janez of Kastav, were unearthed by Jože Pohlen in 1951, elevating Hrastovlje to the pinnacle of Slovenia's medieval wall painting heritage. The frescoes depict various scenes including the creation of the world, the expulsion of Adam and Eve, moments from Jesus's suffering, seasonal agricultural work, and the famed Dance of Death—a remarkable feat in medieval iconography. Alongside these frescoes, visitors can explore the Glagolitic inscription. For more information, contact Mrs. Rozana Rihter at +386 (0)31 432 231. The site is open daily between 9 AM and 5 PM upon request. Entrance fee: €5/person, €3/person for groups exceeding 20 individuals, €2/person for students, and €1.5/person for primary school students.

Novo Mesto Cathedral, also known as St. Nicholas's Cathedral (Slovene: novomeška stolnica, stolnica sv. Nikolaja), serves as the principal church of the Diocese of Novo Mesto and stands as a prominent landmark within the town. Situated atop a hill overlooking the Krka River (Sava), this stone church holds a significant historical place. Before the establishment of the Diocese of Novo Mesto on April 7, 2006, it functioned as a capitular church and is occasionally referred to as the Capitular Church of St. Nicholas (kapiteljska cerkev or simply Kapitelj). Its architectural style seamlessly combines elements of Gothic and Baroque, with a unique broken longitudinal axis due to the elevated chancel compared to the nave. The church's origins date back to before 1428, with remnants of the original structure, particularly the chancel with its three bays walled on five of eight sides, still preserved. Reconstruction commenced in 1493 concurrent with the establishment of the chapter and continued until 1623. A fire in 1576 caused damage, prompting Provost Polidoro de Montagnana to sponsor renovations, commissioning a new high altar and acquiring Tintoretto's painting, 'The Vision of Saint Nicholas' (c. 1582), which adorns the church. Subsequent enhancements in 1621 introduced Baroque arches to the nave and three Baroque chapels on each side. Throughout the centuries, the church underwent several transformations, including a Gothic-style rework in the 19th century and the installation of new side altars by Valentin Metzinger in 1733. A polygonal belfry replaced an older structure in 1860, while Matija Tomc renovated the main altar in 1868. Further adornments included the decoration of the chancel by Matija Koželj in 1901.

Maribor Cathedral (Slovene: mariborska stolnica) stands as a Roman Catholic cathedral in the northeastern city of Maribor, Slovenia, honoring Saint John the Baptist. Functioning as the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor and serving as the parish church of the Parish of Maribor–St. John the Baptist, it also serves as the final resting place of Bishop Anton Martin Slomšek, a notable advocate for Slovene culture. Architecturally, the cathedral's origins trace back to the late 12th century with its original Romanesque structure. During the Gothic period, enhancements included a rib vault, expansion of the choir, and the addition of two side naves. Subsequent modifications during the Baroque era introduced the chapel of Saint Francis Xavier and the chapel of the Holy Cross.

The Celje Cathedral (Slovene: celjska stolnica) stands as a Roman Catholic cathedral honoring the Prophet Daniel in Celje, Slovenia. Since the establishment of the diocese of Celje in 2006, it has served as the episcopal seat. Originating in the 12th century, a small basilica occupied this site. However, it was replaced in 1306 by the present structure, functioning as the church for the abbey that once bordered the town in the Middle Ages. The rib-vaulted roof was constructed in 1379, and the church underwent multiple modifications until the 16th century. Notably, in 1413, the Gothic chapel of Mater Dolorosa was appended and consecrated by Bishop Hermann von Cilli of Freising in 1420. This chapel houses the prized wooden Pietà, a significant treasure within the church. The nave, comprised of three aisles, features a flat roof and a designated area for the exclusive use of nuns. Decorated with 15th-century frescoes, the ceilings hold historical significance, with the choir's paintings believed to predate those in the nave—some even potentially dating back to the 14th century. Among the depicted frescoes are representations of the Three Kings. A brightly-adorned chapel in honor of Saint Francis Xavier was introduced during the Baroque era. The chancel's painting, attributed to Michael Rosenberger, underwent restoration in 1851. Subsequently, in 1858, the church assumed its present appearance in the Gothic Revival style. Noteworthy gravestones from the Middle Ages to the 17th century embellish both interior and exterior walls. The 39th Bishop Hermann von Cilli of Freising, who passed away in Celje on December 13, 1421, following surgery, was interred in the church. His memorial now graces the presbytery on the Gospel side. Following liturgical reforms, the windows of the Mother of God chapel were replaced with vibrant modern stained glass.

The Church of St. Mary of the Snows stands majestically above Solčava, renowned as one of the best-preserved Gothic churches in the Upper Savinja Valley. Its construction spanned from 1461 to 1485, while the sacristy and southern nave wall likely date back to the Roman era. Deep within the church resides a precious treasure—a remarkable early-Gothic stone sculpture portraying Mary seated with the child, known as the Mary of Solčava, created around 1250. This exquisite piece graces the top section of the high altar, adding to the church's allure.

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