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Free Territory of Trieste (3)

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The Free Territory of Trieste, designated as an independent region between northern Italy and Yugoslavia, overlooked the northern Adriatic Sea and fell directly under the United Nations Security Council's jurisdiction following World War II. Operating as a self-governing city for seven years, it emerged as a neutral space established on February 10, 1947, via a protocol within the Treaty of Peace with Italy. This arrangement aimed to accommodate a diverse population and mitigate territorial disputes between Italy and Yugoslavia while enhancing trade relations with Central Europe. This territory, inaugurated on September 15, 1947, encompassed two distinct zones: Zone A included the bustling port city of Trieste along with a slender coastal stretch to the northwest, while Zone B constituted a small segment of the northwestern Istrian peninsula. However, the Free Territory of Trieste ceased to exist in practical terms and was apportioned to Italy and Yugoslavia in 1954. The formalization of this transfer occurred much later through the bilateral Treaty of Osimo in 1975, officially ratified in 1977.

Free Territory of Trieste - Wikipedia

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Data Points with Word "Free Territory of Trieste"

Brtonigla (Italian: Verteneglio) stands as both a village and a municipality situated in the northwestern region of Istria County. Recognized as officially bilingual, the community holds Croatian and Italian languages in equal regard. As of 2011, 40% of the population identified themselves as ethnic Italians.Initially positioned atop a hill, the ancient town of Brtonigla gradually expanded over time, enveloping the entirety of the hill and extending to its surrounding areas. This region is well-suited for agricultural practices, yielding products like wine, grains, corn, oil, and various vegetables. Located approximately 3 km (1.9 mi) from Buje and around 4 km (2.5 mi) from the coastline, its closest seaside destination is Karigador.The origins of Brtonigla date back to 1234 when it was first mentioned, bearing the ancient names Ortoneglo or Hortus Niger, meaning the 'black ground garden.' During the 11th century, the Venetians settled in this area, followed by Dalmatian and Balkan peasant families in the 16th and 17th centuries. Vertenejo was a part of the Serenissima Republic of Venice and later the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It briefly became a part of the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy. Subsequently, after the First World War and the Treaty of Rapallo, the village became part of Italy, experiencing its peak in population and economic growth. After the Second World War, it became a part of Zone B in the Free Territory of Trieste. Following the cession of Zone B to Yugoslavia, much of the Italian population left the village, now known as Brtonigla. Since 1991, Brtonigla has been established as a municipality within Istria County, Republic of Croatia.

Kaldanija, also known as Caldaia in Italian, is a settlement within the municipality of Buje in Istria. The village's name is believed to originate from the ruling Caldana family of Koper. Historically, it was part of the fiefdom of Kaštel (Castelvenere). In San Pietro di Montrino (Fratrija), the 9th-century Benedictine monastery of San Pietro and San Nicola was established, falling under the possessions of the Patriarchate of Aquileia. By 1133, control shifted to the monastery of San Nicolò on the Lido of Venice, yet its decline commenced in the 14th century. In 1770, Franciscan friars specializing in agriculture took over. After the suppression, the church, monastery, and other structures became a private village, now home to a renowned restaurant serving local specialties. Kaldanija's history spans various rulerships, from the Serenissima Republic of Venice to Austro-Hungarian rule until the end of World War I, briefly part of the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy. Post-World War I, it joined Italy, then the Free Territory of Trieste, witnessing the Istrian exodus. Since 1991, Kaldanija has been part of Croatia. The settlement's population has seen growth: in 2001, it recorded 126 inhabitants and 49 family households; by 2011, the population rose to 229, and as of the 2021 census, it counts 273 residents. Kaldanija spans an area of 3.1 km2, situated at coordinates 45°26′35″N 13°37′48″E, with a zip code of 52460 Buje.

Savudrija, also known as Salvore in Italian, resides along the northwestern Istrian coast in Croatia. Evolving from a traditional fishing village, it has transformed into a charming holiday destination. Embracing the entire peninsula, Savudrija encompasses the surrounding area. A defining feature of the region is the 19th-century Savudrija Lighthouse, a venerable local icon. It holds the distinction of being Croatia's oldest operational lighthouse and stands as the Adriatic's most ancient beacon. Rising 29 meters high, it claims the title of Croatia's northernmost lighthouse. Notably, this area attracts windsurfers due to the convergence of three different winds.Archaeological discoveries indicate that the Savudrija region has been inhabited since the Neolithic era. Remarkably, intact Roman port structures stand as testament to its ancient past. Nearby, significant Roman remnants, including a fort on the peninsula, add to the area's historical allure. The village first appeared in written records during the latter half of the 12th century, initially within the Piran municipality. Today, it resides within Istria County in Croatia. On February 18, 1893, Savudrija joined the Piran municipality. This affiliation persisted until 1947, when the municipality of Savudrija was established. Subsequently, in 1954, following the dissolution of the Free Territory of Trieste, the southern part merged into the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.According to the 2021 census, its population was 195. It was 253 in 2011.

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