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Art Deco (7)

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Art Deco, sometimes referred to as Deco, is a style of visual arts, architecture and design that first appeared in France just before World War I. It influenced the design of buildings, furniture, jewellery, fashion, cars, cinemas, trains, ocean liners, and everyday objects such as radios and vacuum cleaners. It took its name, short for Arts Décoratifs, from the Exposition internationale des arts décoratifs et industriels modernes (International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts) held in Paris in 1925.

Art Deco - Wikipedia

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The Aldred Building (French: Édifice Aldred; also known as Édifice La Prévoyance) is an Art Deco structure located on the historic Place d'Armes square in Old Montreal, Quebec, Canada.Completed in 1931, the building was designed by Ernest Isbell Barott of the firm Barott and Blackader. Standing at 96 meters (316 ft) or 23 storeys tall, it was constructed at a cost of $2,851,076 (equivalent to $54,622,444 in 2023). Barott aimed to create a modern building that harmonized with the historic surroundings of the square. The design features setbacks at the 8th, 13th, and 16th floors, allowing more light to reach the square and creating a cathedral-like massing that reflects the nearby Notre-Dame Basilica. The Aldred Building is constructed from limestone, a material common to the area, and aligns with both Place d'Armes and Notre-Dame Street, stepping back on the third floor to square with Notre-Dame, subtly addressing the angular intersection.Resembling New York's Empire State Building, which was completed in the same year, the Aldred Building was commissioned for Aldred and Company Limited, an international finance firm based in New York City. Barott began the project around 1927, initially planning for a 12-storey structure due to Montreal's height restrictions, which allowed for buildings to reach 130 feet (40 m). However, a 1929 bylaw permitted taller buildings if setbacks were utilized to reduce their mass. The Aldred Building took advantage of a clause in this bylaw allowing for an additional height of up to 200 feet (61 m) on public squares, leading to its current design. The total floor area is 238,946 square feet (22,198.8 m²).The Aldred Building's exterior features Indiana limestone set on a granite base, complemented by aluminum spandrels. The entrance lobby showcases a variety of marbles, with the interior doors inlaid with white metal and the exterior gates made of bronze. The flooring above ground level consists of terrazzo with brass strips, while bronze frames adorn the windows of the ground-floor bank. The building’s steel structure is supported by a solid nine-foot-thick concrete mat two floors below street level, and fireproofed with terra-cotta tiles. It boasts 840 windows, accounting for about 20 percent of the building's surface area, and incorporates modern services such as conditioned ventilation, a central vacuum system, an electric time-clock system, and high-speed elevators installed by Otis Fensom, capable of traveling at 700 feet (210 m) per minute with teak interiors.

Place d'Armes, located in the Old Montreal quarter of Montreal, Quebec, Canada, is anchored by a monument dedicated to Paul de Chomedey, the founder of Montreal. Surrounding the square are several significant buildings, including Notre-Dame Basilica, Saint-Sulpice Seminary, the New York Life Building, the Aldred Building, the Bank of Montreal's head office, and 500 Place d'Armes. As the second oldest public site in Montreal, Place d'Armes was originally called Place de la Fabrique when it was first developed in 1693 at the request of the Sulpicians. It was renamed Place d'Armes in 1721, reflecting its use for military events. Between 1781 and 1813, it served as a hay and wood market before being developed into a Victorian garden after the city acquired it in 1836.The current layout of Place d'Armes largely dates back to a plan from 1845, which was completed in 1850 when Notre-Dame Street was finished. The square took its present size after the demolition of the Notre-Dame Church in 1830 and its bell tower in 1843. During the Great Depression, Mayor Camillien Houde commissioned public works projects, including the construction of public restrooms, or 'vespasiennes,' under Place d'Armes in 1934. Designed by architect Jean-Omer Marchand in the Art Deco style, these restrooms cost $51,255 and featured glass block windows and granite entrances to allow natural light into the 270-square-meter underground structure. By the 1940s, however, the restrooms had become dilapidated and were closed in 1980 for reasons of 'moral and cleanliness.'The square underwent renovations again between 2009 and 2011, with the city investing $15.5 million. During this renovation, workers unearthed the former public restroom, the walls of the old Notre-Dame Church, and a historic water well known as 'Puits Gadbois.' In 2018, the Bank of Montreal removed a plaque commemorating Paul de Chomedey's killing of a Haudenosaunee chief in 1644. This removal followed a campaign led by an Indigenous high school teacher who argued that the plaque was inappropriate. The teacher criticized the removal process, suggesting that the bank should have provided an additional plaque offering the Indigenous perspective on the event.

The Ashkenazi Synagogue in Varna, Bulgaria, is a stunning Art Deco building constructed in 1927. It belongs to the Ashkenazi Jewish community. The synagogue underwent reconstruction in 2006 and stands proudly on Ticha Street, showcasing its beautiful brick construction.

The Kinema Majestik, an exquisite cinematic establishment, gracefully unveiled its doors to the public in 1927. Regrettably, an unforeseen incident occurred in December 2000 when a destructive fire struck the premises. However, diligent efforts were undertaken in 2001 to restore its former glory. Presently, in 2009, the Millenium film distribution chain proudly oversees the operations of this iconic movie theater, which showcases the remarkable Art Deco architectural style.

Located in Beira, Mozambique is the Grand Hotel. It first opened in 1954 as a luxury hotel built in Art Deco style, with such amenities as an Olympic-sized swimming pool and a cinema, at that time it was the biggest hotel in Africa. In 1963 it closed and was taken over for political purposes, during the country's civil war of independence. Present day there are 2-3 thousand people living there as squatters, with some people being the third generation that is living there. In this video Mozambique photographer Amilton Neves Cuna talks about his work documenting this space and the people who currently reside in the hotel. He discusses what created his interest in this project, importantly bringing in the topic of colonialism.

Kaunas our Lord Jesus Christ's Resurrection Basilica is a monumental Roman Catholic church in Kaunas, Lithuania. The church was consecrated in 2004, and in 2005 it was finally completed. It is the largest basilical church in the Baltic States. Funding was provided by both private sources and the Lithuanian government, and the church was consecrated in 2004. In 2015 the church received the minor basilica title from Pope Francis. The church now features two towers: one is 70 meters high, and a lower one arises from the main altar. Its architectural styles are Functionalism and Art Deco. In the main tower's upper level there is an additional chapel. An elevator permits access to the church's roof, which affords a panoramic view of the city. Its cellarage houses a columbarium and a parish museum. The church is not solely dedicated to Roman Catholic ceremonies - it is also used for community gatherings and events, and as a preschool. The sanctuary seats 400; altogether, it can accommodate about 5,000 people.

Located in the former Palace of Justice and the Parliament. The construction of the building began in 1925 and was completed in 1928. In 2006, under the decision of the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Lithuania, the department of Lithuanian National Philharmonic Society has become the independent concert institution - Kaunas State Philharmonic Society. The architectural styles of the Kaunas State Philharmonic are National style, Art Deco, Neoclassicism.

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