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Marieval Indian Residential School
The Marieval Indian Residential School was part of Canada’s Indian residential school system, located on the Cowessess 73 reserve in Marieval, Saskatchewan. It operated from 1898 to 1997 in the Qu'Appelle Valley, east of Crooked Lake, and 24 km (15 mi) north of Broadview.
In June 2021, the Cowessess First Nation discovered 751 unmarked graves on the school grounds, the largest number found in Canada to date, according to the Federation of Sovereign Indigenous Nations (FSIN). This was the third such discovery in Canada in 2021, following 215 unmarked graves found at Kamloops Indian Residential School. Initially operated by the Congregation of Our Lady of the Missions and later by the Sisters of Saint Joseph of Saint-Hyacinthe from 1901 to 1979, the school was funded by the government starting in 1901 and managed by them from 1969. The Cowessess First Nation took over in 1987 until the school closed in 1997 and was demolished in 1999, replaced by a day school.
Enrollment peaked in 1962-63 with 148 residents and 89 day students. Students had limited contact with their families, initially only allowed to visit on Sundays. Their hair was cut upon arrival, and they were assigned numbers used by staff, who were expected to 'physically dominate' the students. The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada reported in 2015 that there was no comprehensive effort to record student deaths across the system. A National Residential School Student Death Register was established in 2019 with $33.8 million over three years allocated to maintain it.
The cemetery adjacent to the school predates it, with graves dating back to 1885. By 2021, only an estimated third of the graves remained marked. In the 1960s, many tombstones were removed by a priest, leading to further erasure. In 2019, the Archdiocese of Regina provided $70,000 to restore the cemetery and identify the graves. The Cowessess First Nation began a search of the grounds with ground-penetrating radar in May 2021, after delays due to the COVID-19 pandemic. They found 751 unmarked graves over 44,000 m², though many are believed to be members of the local community, and the exact connection to the school remains unclear. The discovery was followed by further efforts to identify the graves, and by October 2021, 300 of the 751 were identified.
Public reaction included statements of support from political leaders such as Saskatchewan Premier Scott Moe and Ontario Premier Doug Ford, along with calls for action from Indigenous leaders. Bobby Cameron, chief of the FSIN, described the schools as 'concentration camps' for Indigenous children. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau acknowledged the responsibility Canada bears for this dark chapter of its history, though many called for more than just words.
In response to the discoveries in Marieval and Kamloops, several communities across Canada canceled 2021 Canada Day celebrations. Acts of vandalism and arson targeted Catholic churches in the aftermath. The Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate, who operated the school, announced they would release all historical documents related to their involvement.
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Marieval Indian Residential School - Wikipedia
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Inserted: 10-09-2024 20:09:33
Questions related to this Data Point
How did the Cowessess First Nation use ground-penetrating radar in their investigation of Marieval Indian Residential School?
How did the enrollment and student treatment practices at Marieval Indian Residential School change over time?
How did the role of the government change in managing Marieval Indian Residential School over time?
What actions did the Archdiocese of Regina take in response to the unmarked graves at Marieval Indian Residential School?
What actions did the Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate take after the discovery of unmarked graves at Marieval Indian Residential School?
What led to the discovery of 751 unmarked graves at Marieval Indian Residential School?
What was the impact of the 2021 discovery of graves at Marieval Indian Residential School on Canada Day celebrations?
Why were many headstones removed at Marieval Indian Residential School in the 1960s?
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