Notre-Dame Basilica (French: Basilique Notre-Dame) is a Catholic minor basilica located in the historic Old Montreal district of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Situated at 110 Notre-Dame Street West, at the corner of Saint Sulpice Street, it is adjacent to the Saint-Sulpice Seminary and overlooks Place d'Armes square.
The basilica is renowned for its dramatic interior, a Gothic Revival masterpiece. The ceiling is a deep blue adorned with golden stars, while the sanctuary features rich colors—blues, reds, purples, silver, and gold—alongside hundreds of intricate wooden carvings and religious statues. Unlike traditional church stained glass, the windows here depict scenes from Montreal's religious history. A standout feature is the 1891 Casavant Frères pipe organ, with 7,000 pipes, four keyboards, and 99 stops.
The Sulpicians, a Roman Catholic order, arrived in Montreal (then Ville-Marie) in 1657, and by 1672 had built the original parish church, dedicated to the Holy Name of Mary. By 1824, the congregation outgrew the church, leading to the commissioning of a new design by James O'Donnell, an Irish-American Anglican. O'Donnell, a proponent of the Gothic Revival style, converted to Catholicism on his deathbed and is the only person buried in the church’s crypt. The new basilica's construction took place between 1824 and 1829, with the towers completed in the 1840s. When finished, it was the largest church in North America.
Throughout its history, Notre-Dame has undergone various modifications. Notably, the interior was redesigned by Victor Bourgeau in the 1870s, drawing inspiration from Sainte-Chapelle in Paris. A more intimate chapel, Chapelle du Sacré-Cœur, was added in 1888 but was later destroyed by arson in 1978. The chapel was rebuilt, blending traditional and modern elements, including an impressive bronze altarpiece by Quebec sculptor Charles Daudelin.
The basilica has hosted many significant events, including state funerals for notable figures such as former Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau and hockey legend Maurice 'Rocket' Richard. It was also the setting for Celine Dion’s wedding to René Angélil in 1994 and Angélil's funeral in 2016. Additionally, the basilica welcomed a display of Napoleon Bonaparte’s artifacts in 2014 and accepted donations in 2019 to support the reconstruction of Notre-Dame de Paris after its devastating fire.
With around 11 million annual visitors, Notre-Dame Basilica is one of North America's most visited monuments. In 2023, it was named the 6th most beautiful building in the world by Angi, a home service publication that ranked Notre-Dame de Paris second and Barcelona's Sagrada Família first.
In 1982, Pope John Paul II elevated Notre-Dame to the status of a minor basilica. It was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1989, further cementing its role as a cultural and architectural icon.
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