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Church of the Holy Trinity - Hrastovlje

Holy Trinity Church, known as cerkev sv. Trojice in Slovene and Chiesa della Santissima Trinità in Italian, is a historic structure situated in Hrastovlje, a village in southwestern Slovenia. Its origins are debated, with one theory suggesting it dates back to the 12th century as a Romanesque church, while another posits it as an exemplar of Istrian Early Venetian Renaissance architecture from the 15th century. Positioned beyond a protective wall erected by locals in the 16th century to shield against Turkish invasions, this church is part of defensive structures known as 'tabor' scattered across Slovenian-settled regions.
History of the Church of the Holy Trinity in Hrastovlje
The church in Hrastovlje stands on rock without deep foundations and is mainly built from exposed stone, typical of the coastal region. It lacks extensive plaster, revealing its construction. With only two windows due to local weather conditions, the interior remains dim. Modifications over time include the addition of a protective outer wall, reducing natural light. Distinct from other pilgrim churches, it has its bell tower on the west side. Despite its small size—11.7 meters long and 6.05 meters wide—it's considered an example of Istrian Renaissance architecture from the late 15th century. The current northwestern entrance was likely established around 1776, differing from the original entrance near the bell tower.
The Interior of the Church of the Holy Trinity in Hrastovlje
Johannes de Castua (John of Kastav) completed painting Gothic frescoes in the church on July 13, 1490. These intricate artworks include Glagolitic script in some sections. Among the most renowned is the Dance of Death or 'Danse Macabre.' These masterpieces, concealed under layers of plaster, were unveiled in 1949 by the academic sculptor Jože Pohlen.
The external wall of the Church of the Holy Trinity in Hrastovlje
Leander Zarotus likely fortified the church with a wall, expanding its defense. The 8-meter-thick limestone wall, reinforced around the late 15th century, envelops the entire structure, allowing only the bell-tower and its cross to emerge above it. Initially erected as protection against Turkish invasions, the wall is shaped as an irregular rectangle and features two bastion-like towers. One tower guards the southeast, while the other, on the northwest side, defends the entrance from the village. These towers show traces of two layers for archers, indicating a previous higher structure capable of accommodating three archer levels. Additionally, a former balcony above the entrance gates served as a vantage point for defense tactics such as hurling stones or pouring boiling liquids on assailants.

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Holy Trinity Church (Hrastovlje) - Wikipedia

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Inserted: 27-12-2023 22:12:06

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How does the construction of the Holy Trinity church's exterior differ from traditional practices in the coastal region?

How does the size of the Holy Trinity Church in Hrastovlje compare to other similar structures in the region?

What are the debated origins of the Holy Trinity Church in Hrastovlje?

What defensive measures were taken by locals around the Holy Trinity Church in Hrastovlje?

What modifications affected the interior lighting of the Holy Trinity Church?

Who completed the Gothic frescoes in the Holy Trinity Church in Hrastovlje, and what are some of the notable artworks?

Who is believed to have fortified the Holy Trinity Church in Hrastovlje with a defensive wall, and what were its characteristics?

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Churches in Slovenia

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John of Kastav

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Glagolitic

Gothic

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