2013 - Data Points by Date/Period

Béthanie is a historic building complex located in Pok Fu Lam, Southern District, Hong Kong. Built in 1875 as a sanatorium by the Paris Foreign Missions Society, it later became part of the Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts in 2003, along with the nearby Dairy Farm cowsheds. After undergoing renovations, the complex reopened in 2006 and is now home to the Academy's School of Film and Television. It also houses two performance venues, an exhibition hall, a chapel, and a museum. In 2013, Béthanie was declared a monument. Situated at No. 139 Pok Fu Lam Road, it offers a scenic view of the coast and was originally chosen for its ideal location to help French priests recover from tropical diseases. Today, the Chinese Cuisine Training Institute (CCTI) is located next to Béthanie, which can be accessed by following signs to the CCTI. Béthanie, built in 1875 by the Paris Foreign Missions Society as the first sanatorium in Hong Kong, served as a recovery place for priests and missionaries suffering from tropical diseases. It also housed a successful printing press publishing religious items in multiple languages. The building underwent several expansions and renovations, especially in the 1890s, to accommodate increasing numbers of visitors. During World War II, the building was ransacked by Japanese forces, but was later restored in 1949. After political unrest following the Communist Revolution, Béthanie operated beyond capacity until it was sold in 1974. In the late 1970s, students occupied the building, sparking a movement to preserve it. In 1981, it was listed as a Grade II historic building, and by 2009, it was upgraded to Grade I. After significant restoration funded by the Hong Kong government and completed in 2006, Béthanie became a part of the Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts and was declared a monument in 2013.

Lamma Power Station, also known as Lamma Island Power Station, is a thermal power station combined with a solar farm located in Po Lo Tsui, Lamma Island, Hong Kong. With a total installed capacity of 3,617 MW, it is the second-largest coal-fired power station in Hong Kong, following the Castle Peak Power Station.Originally completed in 1982 by Hongkong Electric (HK Electric), the station supplies electricity to Hong Kong Island and Lamma Island. Over the years, the facility has undergone several expansions to enhance its capacity. As of 2021, its power generation infrastructure includes 2,000 MW from coal-fired units, 555 MW from oil-fired gas turbines, 1,060 MW from gas-fired combined-cycle units, and a 1.1 MW solar power system.The solar component of Lamma Power Station began in 2010 with the installation of a 550 kW solar farm costing HK$23 million. The farm utilized 5,500 amorphous silicon photovoltaic modules, chosen for their efficiency in Hong Kong's high temperatures and tropical climate. By 2013, HK Electric expanded the solar farm to 1 MW, incorporating 8,662 photovoltaic modules over a 13,000 m² area, with the new panels generating 40% more electricity than the original ones.

The Monster Building is a cluster of five interconnected buildings located on King's Road in Quarry Bay, Hong Kong. Known for its striking appearance, it has become a popular photography spot and has inspired several filming locations. The complex consists of 2,243 units across five blocks, each with 18 floors, and is home to around 10,000 residents.Originally built in the 1960s as the Parker Estate (named after Mount Parker to the south), the housing estate was later sold and divided into five separate blocks in 1972: the Fook Cheong Building, Montane Mansion, Oceanic Mansion, Yick Cheong Building, and Yick Fat Building. Shops line the street-facing sides of the buildings, with the Oceanic Mansion being the tallest at 18 floors. The dense, composite nature of the structure contributes to its unique character.The private estate gained widespread attention in 2013 when a photograph of it by Romain Jacquet-Lagrèze went viral. The image was featured on the cover of his photo book 'Vertical Horizon' and further fueled the building’s popularity among both tourists and locals. Due to its newfound fame, residents have posted signs asking visitors to be respectful. The Monster Building has served as the backdrop for films like 'Transformers: Age of Extinction' and 'Ghost in the Shell', as well as music videos such as 'Labyrinth' by Mondo Grosso and Hikari Mitsushima, and 'Cave Me In' by Gallant and Eric Nam.

The Cross-Harbour Tunnel (CHT or XHT) is Hong Kong's first underwater tunnel, consisting of two steel road tunnels with two lanes each, constructed using the single shell immersed tube method. Opened in 1972, it was the first of three vehicular harbour crossings in Hong Kong. Initially built under a 30-year private-sector franchise, the tunnel’s title passed to the Hong Kong government in 1999 when the franchise ended.The tunnel, one of the most congested roads in Hong Kong, saw 116,753 vehicles passing through daily in 2013. The project followed a build–operate–transfer (BOT) model, with a private company responsible for financing, construction, operation, and toll collection for 30 years. The original concession was granted to Cross-Harbour Tunnel Company Limited (now Cross-Harbour Holdings Limited), which was founded in 1965. The Hong Kong government held a 20% stake to maintain influence. Designed with two lanes in each direction, the tunnel was intended to accommodate 80,000 vehicles daily. The project was jointly engineered by Scott Wilson Kirkpatrick & Partners and Freeman Fox & Partners.Linking Hong Kong Island and Kowloon, the tunnel connects Kellett Island (now part of Hong Kong Island due to reclamation) to a reclaimed area near Hung Hom Bay in Kowloon, near the former Hong Kong Technical College. The tunnel's toll plaza, located at the Hung Hom end, has 14 toll booths. Before its construction, cross-harbour vehicular traffic relied on ferries, while passengers used the Star Ferry.Construction began in September 1969 and was completed a year ahead of schedule, opening on 2 August 1972. Initially charging HK$5 per car, the operator recouped the construction costs in just three and a half years. In 1984, the Hong Kong government introduced an additional tax to address overcrowding, raising the toll to HK$10 per car.In 1993, an electronic toll collection system was installed, increasing vehicle capacity by better managing traffic flow. The tunnel was operated by Cross-Harbour Tunnel Company Ltd until 1999, after which the government took over. From November 2010, Serco managed the tunnel under contract, later replaced by Chun Wo Tunnel Management Limited in 2016. In November 2022, Serco resumed management.The tunnel gained cultural significance in 2017 when it was featured in the Hong Kong action film 'Shock Wave', starring Andy Lau. In November 2019, during the Hong Kong protests, demonstrators set up roadblocks and set fire to tollbooths, leading to the tunnel's closure for several days.In 2023, manual toll collectors were replaced by HKeToll, an electronic toll collection system. Cash and Octopus Cards are no longer accepted, and toll booths have been removed. The tunnel now generates approximately HK$700 million in annual toll revenue.

The Macrorie Museum, a designated Heritage Site, is housed in a historic school building and showcases displays on the region's early railroad and farming history. Inside, visitors will find a CNR luggage wagon, a recreated school classroom, war memorabilia, household items, and various artifacts significant to the area's past. Originally located in the town's first post office, the museum was relocated to the school in 2013 due to the post office's deteriorating state.Open from May 1 to October 31.In July and August, the museum is open on Mondays from 2 to 4 p.m. Other times are available by appointment; call 306-243-4207, 306-243-4307, or 306-867-7442.

Lafleche is a small town in southwest Saskatchewan, Canada, located in the Rural Municipality of Wood River No. 74, at the intersection of Highway 13 and Highway 58. Situated on the south bank of Lafleche Creek, a tributary of the Wood River, it lies 20 km south of Gravelbourg and 45 km west of Assiniboia. The community's origins trace back to 1905 when settlers formed the village of Buffalo Head, which later changed its name to Lafleche in honor of Louis-François Richer Laflèche.In 1910, a school district was established, and a school was built on land owned by Mr. Belisle. By March 1912, a hamlet had developed on land owned by F. X. Brunelle, featuring a bank, two stores, and blacksmith shops. The arrival of the Canadian Pacific Railway in 1913 prompted rapid growth, leading to the relocation of the hamlet's houses to the new site, which quickly transformed into a village with spacious streets and avenues.By 1913, businesses such as Square Deal Store, Palace Livery, and Lafleche Meat Market had emerged, prompting the village's incorporation the same year. In December 1913, telegraph service began, and by 1914, the village had expanded to twelve blocks. The following years saw the opening of various businesses, including a jewelry store and multiple lumber yards.Despite facing challenges in the 1920s, including a notorious bank robbery in 1922, Lafleche continued to grow. The community saw the establishment of public amenities, such as sidewalks, electric lights, and a fire brigade. The 1930s brought hardships, but residents launched the first rural community credit union in Saskatchewan in 1938 to address financial needs.Lafleche persevered through the war years and established essential services, including a hospital in 1944. By 1953, it had officially become a town, and infrastructure improvements continued with the installation of water and sewer services in the 1950s.Significant milestones include the construction of a curling rink in 1961, the opening of the Wood River Centennial Home for seniors in 1967, and the paving of streets in 1969. Lafleche celebrated its centennial in 2013. According to the 2021 Census, the town had a population of 373 residents living in 184 of its 201 total private dwellings, reflecting a slight decrease from 382 in 2016. With a land area of 1.43 km², the town had a population density of 260.8/km².

Cumberland House (Swampy Cree: Wāskahikanihk) is a community in Census Division No. 18 in northeast Saskatchewan, Canada, located on the Saskatchewan River. As Saskatchewan's oldest community, it has a population of around 2,000. Nearby, Cumberland House Provincial Park offers tours of an 1890s powder house built by the Hudson's Bay Company.Situated on Cumberland Island, the community includes the Northern Village of Cumberland House (population 772) and the adjoining Cumberland House Cree Nation (population 715). It is accessible via Cumberland House Airport and Highway 123. The population is primarily First Nations, including Cree and Métis, and Cumberland House is a Cree 'n' dialect community known as 'Wāskahikanihk.'In March 2013, the Cumberland House Cree Nation had a registered population of 1,387, with 814 members living on-reserve or crown land and 573 off-reserve. The First Nation's territory spans five locations and is governed by a Chief and four councillors. It is part of the Prince Albert Grand Council. Established in 1774, Cumberland House became a significant fur trade depot in Canada, connecting east to Lake Winnipeg, Montreal, and Hudson Bay; west to the Rocky Mountains and Oregon Country; and north to the Churchill River and Athabasca Country. Initially, traders faced challenges with the inland location and canoe construction but eventually became proficient in navigating the area.Cumberland House functioned as a depot for eastbound furs and westbound trade goods, as well as pemmican for voyageurs traveling to Lake Athabasca. Located in the forest belt, pemmican was transported downriver from the prairies or upriver from Lake Winnipeg. The journey from the Hudson's Bay Company base at York Factory took about 40 days paddling, compared to nearly five months from the Montreal competitor base. The community is situated on a strip of land between the Saskatchewan River and Cumberland Lake, which drains into the river nearby. Today, the strip has widened due to changes in the lake level.The first European visitors were likely coureurs des bois, though records are scarce. Louis-Joseph Gaultier de La Vérendrye is the first known European to visit in spring 1749. In 1772, fur trader Joseph Frobisher established a temporary post on Cumberland Lake. Samuel Hearne founded the permanent Hudson's Bay Company post in 1774, marking the first inland post under the company's inland policy. Shortly after, the Frobishers and Alexander Henry the elder joined. From 1778 to 1804, Cumberland House served as the administrative center for western posts. In 1793, the North West Company built a competing post nearby, prompting the Hudson's Bay Company to relocate across from it. The two were merged in 1821, with about 30 men and a similar number of women and children at the time. The post declined around 1830 but saw some revival with the introduction of steamboats in 1874. By 1980, the powder magazine and the Hudson's Bay Company manager's house remained.On June 24, 2005, residents were evacuated to Prince Albert due to flooding from the Saskatchewan River caused by record-breaking rainfall in Alberta.On May 24, 2024, the community declared a state of emergency after heavy rains washed out the only road linking it to the outside world.In the 2021 Census, Cumberland House had a population of 540 living in 192 of its 241 dwellings, a 31.7% decrease from 2016's population of 791. With a land area of 16.11 km² (6.22 sq mi), the population density was 33.5/km² (86.8/sq mi) in 2021.

Lanigan boasts notable residents such as 2010 Olympic Silver Medalist Cori Bartel in women's curling and 2013 Stanley Cup champion Sheldon Brookbank. The town also has connections to NHL players including Bobby Baun, Brian Propp, Todd Strueby, and Wade Brookbank.The major industry in Lanigan is centered around potash. The town hosts Nutrien Lanigan Potash, one of North America's largest potash mines. Additionally, the Greenfield Potash Project by BHP Billiton Jansen Project is under construction just east of the town. Signage on Highways 16 and 20 proudly proclaims, 'Welcome to Lanigan, The Land of Potash.' Located 8 km east of Lanigan, Pound-Maker Adventures Ltd. is Canada's largest feedlot and ethanol plant. The surrounding area is known for its robust agricultural sector, often referred to as the 'sure crop' area.The local economy is driven by potash and agriculture, but tourism is also flourishing. Visitors can explore the restored CPR (Canadian Pacific Railway) train station and other exhibits at the Lanigan and District Heritage Centre. For recreational activities, the Lanigan Golf & Country Club offers a 9-hole grass greens course, and the Lanigan Lions Campground provides additional leisure options.

The Doukhobor Dugout House, constructed in 1899 by Russian Doukhobor immigrants, is a rare and significant example of the temporary shelters built by settlers of various ethnic backgrounds upon their arrival on the Canadian Prairies. Located near Blaine Lake, Saskatchewan, on the Cheveldayoff family homestead along a bend of the North Saskatchewan River, this dugout house is the only known surviving structure of its kind in Canada. It serves as a poignant reminder of the hardships faced by early settlers in a largely treeless landscape and the practical solutions they adopted for survival. For the first five years, around 300 Doukhobors lived in these dugouts, with one shelter housing nine families in an area of about 436 square feet. During the winter, five babies were born, one of whom is buried at the top of the hill to the north. With no money and limited resources, these vegetarian pacifists were determined to survive; while the men worked on the railroads during the summer, the women hitched themselves to plows to prepare land for gardens. The site is part of a broader landscape of farm buildings and archaeological remains that tell the story of Doukhobor communities' evolution on the Prairies. After the families moved to the nearby village of Oospenie, the dugout was repurposed for various uses, including as a root cellar. Artifacts found within the house, such as an oven door, a button, pottery, and an old shoe, serve as tangible memories of life during those early years from 1899 to 1904. In the summer of 2004, the University of Saskatchewan’s Department of Archaeology, led by graduate student Meagan Brooks, conducted an archaeological investigation of the site. With extensive community involvement, the project established a baseline for archaeological units, cleared underbrush, removed surface artifacts, and trained volunteers in excavation techniques. The outcome of this investigation was Meagan Brooks’ Master’s thesis, 'Public Archaeology With a Doukhobor Descendant Community', which successfully preserved a vital part of Doukhobor history. The significance of the Doukhobor Dugout House has been recognized at both the provincial and national levels. In the spring of 2005, the site was designated as a Provincial Heritage Property. Later, in late August 2008, it was officially recognized as a National Historic Site of Canada by the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada (HSMBC). A commemorative plaque highlighting the importance of the dugout house was unveiled during a ceremony in July 2013. Visitors to the Doukhobor Dugout House can explore this historic site and learn more about Doukhobor culture and the broader history of early settlers in Canada.

The ROBOT arts organization, comprising artists Bojan Šumonja and Dean Skira, established the POOLA Gallery in the summer of 2013, situated in Pula's historic core. Embracing an innovative 'Artist-run gallery' approach, POOLA aims to offer a contemporary and interactive gallery experience, distinct from traditional public and private institutions. Through its programs, POOLA Gallery seeks to showcase high-quality art, support Croatian artists—particularly emerging talents—forge national and international connections, and enrich Pula's cultural landscape on a global scale.

2013 (59)

Other Dates/Periods

05-04-2005

20-11-1997

1595

20-11-1947

1960 - 1961

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