1986 - Data Points by Date/Period

The Škocjan Caves, also known as Škocjanske jame in Slovene and Grotte di San Canziano in Italian, are a cave system located in Slovenia. Recognized for their exceptional significance, the caves were designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1986. They are renowned as one of the most important caves globally, situated on the Karst Plateau and boasting a diverse ecosystem due to unique microclimatic conditions. The caves, with an explored length of 6,200 meters, feature the Big Collapse Doline and Little Collapse Doline as their entrances. The Reka River disappears underground at the Big Collapse Doline, forming one of the longest karst underground wetlands in Europe. With its historical importance dating back to ancient times, the caves have been explored since the 18th century and hold immense archaeological value, indicating human habitation for over ten thousand years. Tourism in Škocjan Caves has a long history, with the modern era beginning around 1819. Today, approximately 100,000 visitors annually explore the caves, which offer guided tours in multiple languages, showcasing the breathtaking underground canyon and its natural wonders.

The Limska Draga Viaduct stands as a testament to engineering prowess, spanning the landscape in Kanfanar, Istria, Croatia. Its construction, employing the balanced cantilever method, commenced in September 1986, reaching completion in June 1991. This motorway bridge, a key element in the freeway network of Istria, is a girder bridge structure composed of five spans. Its total length stretches 552 meters, with individual spans measuring 80 meters, 100 meters, 160 meters, 100 meters, and 80 meters respectively. Elevating 120 meters above the valley floor, this viaduct stands as a remarkable architectural feat, representing a significant milestone in infrastructure development within the region.

The Cathedral of St. John the Baptist stands as the defining symbol of Comrat. Initially constructed through contributions from Comrat's residents, the cathedral served as a focal point for religious worship until 1961, when it was forcibly closed by communist authorities. On June 29, 1961, an open letter authored by the former Comrat Cathedral priest, Kirill Grishchenko, was published in the Sovetskaya Moldavia newspaper. In the letter, he declared his resignation from the Orthodox Church and abandonment of his priesthood. In 1969, driven by the town's inhabitants, the cathedral was granted the status of a 19th-century architectural monument and placed under state protection. For approximately two decades, it operated as the Comrat Museum of Local History and Local Lore. However, in 1986, a powerful earthquake struck, causing two Lenin busts within the museum, located within the cathedral's premises, to fall and shatter. This event was interpreted as a sign, prompting the return of the church to the Orthodox faith. Over time, the government's attitude towards the church shifted positively. The museum was relocated to a new facility, and the cathedral was reinstated as the spiritual hub of Comrat. Today, it stands as one of the finest ecclesiastical structures within the entire Gagauz Autonomy, representing a significant historical monument from the era of classical decline and the resurgence of compositional techniques and architectural forms reminiscent of ancient Russian architecture.

Saint George's Church (Biserica Sfântul Gheorghe) in Brașov started as a villa for a Hungarian count in 1903. Originally located in the Blumăna neighborhood, it showcased hunting motifs in its sculptures, windows, and decorations due to the count's hunting interests. After World War I, the count and his family left, and the villa was repurposed as an orphanage and later as a newspaper's headquarters. Rooms on the upper floors were used as a chapel by Orthodox believers. The church was officially established in 1934 and dedicated to Saint George. Due to political restrictions, no new churches were built during the Communist era, so the church continued to serve the Orthodox community. It underwent renovation between 1985 and 1986, resulting in an arch-vaulted nave and the addition of a belfry. Interior painting was completed in 1990. Following the regime change in 1989, new Orthodox churches were constructed in the Blumăna neighborhood.

The primary theatrical venue in Szeged, Hungary, is the National Theatre of Szeged. Erected in 1883, it was designed by the renowned architectural duo Ferdinand Fellner and Hermann Helmer in a blend of Eclectic and Neo-baroque styles. The establishment of the Szeged Theatrical Association in 1878 aimed to gather resources for a forthcoming theater. The devastation caused by the catastrophic 1879 flood, which ravaged the city, further fueled these efforts. With the approval of the city council, construction commenced in 1882 on a plot bordered by Vörösmarty, Deák Ferenc, and Wesselényi streets. The theater's stage sets were acquired from the unfortunate Ring Theatre in Vienna, which had suffered a tragic fire. The grand inauguration took place on 14 October 1883, graced by the presence of Emperor Franz Joseph I. Just 18 months later, on 22 April 1885, a fire engulfed the theater. Nevertheless, reconstruction was promptly undertaken. The Fellner & Helmer architectural firm adjusted the original plans to enhance fire safety and introduced minor modifications to the exterior design. The historic theater's ceiling adornments were skillfully painted in 1885 by the renowned Vienna court artist Hermann von Kern (1839-1912). The refurbished theater welcomed its audience once again on 2 October 1886. A century after its initial unveiling, the theater underwent a comprehensive renovation spanning from 1978 to 1986.

The museum operates in the ex-Governor’s Palace, a historic building listed in the Register of Immovable Monuments of Croatia. Designed by Alajos Hauszmann in the High Renaissance style, it served as the city administration from 1893 to 1986. The palace features an elegant facade, a monumental main stairway, and impressive halls adorned with marble panelling and stuccatura. On the first floor, representative salons and the dance hall stand out, while the second floor houses the governor's apartment and other rooms for the household staff.

The National Museum of Korea serves as the premier institution for Korean history and art, representing the rich cultural heritage of South Korea. Since its founding in 1945, the museum has been dedicated to extensive research and studies in archaeology, history, and art, consistently curating diverse exhibitions and educational programs. In 2005, the museum was relocated to the Yongsan District in Seoul. On June 24, 2021, in celebration of its 20th anniversary, the National Museum of Korea inaugurated a new branch at Incheon International Airport. Situated in the boarding area in front of Gate No.22, this branch serves as an extension of the museum's cultural offerings.The National Museum of Korea has a rich history, starting with the establishment of Korea's first museum, the Imperial Household Museum, in 1909 by Emperor Sunjong. During the Japanese rule, collections from the Imperial Household Museum and the Japanese Government General Museum formed the basis of the National Museum's collection, which was founded in 1945 after South Korea regained independence.Throughout its history, the museum underwent several relocations due to various reasons, including the Korean War, during which its collection was moved to Busan to protect it from destruction. After the war, the museum found temporary homes in Gyeongbokgung and Deoksugung Palaces before finally settling in the Jungangcheong, the former Japanese General Government Building, in 1986.In October 2005, the National Museum of Korea moved to its current location in Yongsan Family Park, Seoul, after overcoming delays caused by the relocation of a helipad. The museum now houses an impressive collection of over 310,000 artifacts, with about 15,000 pieces displayed at any given time. Its six permanent exhibition galleries showcase various themes, including Prehistory and Ancient History, Medieval and Early Modern History, Donation, Calligraphy and Painting, Asian Art, and Sculpture and Crafts.The museum is renowned for its large floor space, covering 295,551 square meters, making it the sixth-largest museum in the world. Its construction was carefully designed to protect the precious artifacts, with earthquake-resistant measures and shock-absorbent display cases. Additionally, the museum utilizes a unique natural lighting system powered by sunlight and a specially designed air-conditioning system to preserve the integrity of its exhibits.

The Constanța Casino, known as Cazinoul din Constanța in Romanian, is a former casino located in Constanța, Romania. Recognized as a historic monument by the Romanian Ministry of Culture and National Patrimony, the casino is situated on the seafront of Constanța along the Black Sea, in the historic Peninsulă District. The casino has seen several iterations, with the first structure, made of wood, being constructed in 1880. The current building, considered a symbol of Constanța, was built in the Art Nouveau style based on the designs of Daniel Renard. It was inaugurated in August 1910. Throughout its history, the casino operated as a gambling venue for 38 years, although its operations were interrupted by the two World Wars. It suffered damage during World War I, being attacked and bombed by Bulgarian and German troops, and was further ravaged in World War II. At one point, it served as a makeshift wartime hospital. In 1948, the building was converted into a community center, and later, in 1960, it was transformed into a restaurant. The last major renovations took place between 1986 and 1988. However, the casino has remained closed since 1990 due to high operational costs. Efforts have been made to rehabilitate the building, including attempts by Constanța City Hall in 2006. In 2007, it was leased to an Israeli company, but the building suffered further damage during their tenure. In 2018, the casino was listed as one of the 7 most endangered sites in Europe. The edifice was transferred to the administration of the National Investment Company in 2014, with plans for rehabilitation work. However, the project faced setbacks due to disqualification of participating companies and subsequent litigation. In January 2020, restoration work finally began after the Ministry of Development issued the order to proceed. The investment for the restoration is estimated to take 30 months, with completion expected in 2024. The casino has been the subject of long-standing efforts to preserve and restore its historical significance.

The Varna Festival and Congress Centre, opened in 1986, is a hub for prestigious arts and cultural events. It hosts festivals, scientific meetings, and conferences. Representing Bulgaria internationally, it is affiliated with organizations like ICCA, AIPC, and Europa Cinemas. It co-organizes events such as the Golden Rose Festival, Varna Summer International Music Festival, and International Film Festival 'Love is Folly.' Located at the entrance of the Sea Garden, it is a prime location in Varna.

The Academy of Sciences of Albania (Albanian: Akademia e Shkencave e Shqipërisë), founded in 1972, is the most important scientific institution in Albania. In the 1980s, several research institutes began at the University of Tirana were transferred to the Academy's jurisdiction. The institution includes the most distinguished scientists, also called 'academics', that are involved in research centers and other organisations inside and outside Albania. As of 2009, the Academy had 23 regular members, 10 associated members, one permanent member, and 26 honor members. The Academy is composed of two sections: Social Sciences and Albanological Section and Natural and Technical Sciences Section. The Academy of Sciences of Albania has the country's largest academic library. Founded in 1975 starting with 10,000 volumes, it included 812,000 volumes by 1986. In 2008, funding for most research functions of the academy was withdrawn, those research functions subsequently transferred to universities and research centers. Four research institutes which were separated from the Academy joined to form the Centre of Albanological Studies.

1986 (32)

Other Dates/Periods

04-08-1941

31-05-2006

16-12-1974

0345

0198 BC

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