1978 - Data Points by Date/Period

The Court of Final Appeal Building, also known as the Old Supreme Court Building, houses the Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal. It served as the former Supreme Court from 1912 to 1983 and the Legislative Council from 1985 to 2011. Located at 8 Jackson Road in Central, the building sits along the eastern side of Statue Square, directly west of Chater Garden. Its exterior is a designated monument of Hong Kong, reflecting its historical significance. Designed by British architects Sir Aston Webb and Ingress Bell, who also designed parts of Buckingham Palace and the Victoria and Albert Museum in London, the building opened on January 15, 1912, after construction began in 1900.The building is a two-story neo-classical structure made of granite and supported by Ionic columns. Atop it stands a 2.7-meter-high blindfolded statue of Themis, the Greek goddess of justice, inspired by the statue at London's Old Bailey. During the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong (1941–1945), it was used as the headquarters for the Kempeitai (Military Police). In 1978, the building required restoration due to the construction of the MTR, temporarily relocating the Supreme Court to the Former French Mission Building.In 1985, the building became the Legislative Council Building, while the Supreme Court moved to Admiralty. After the Legislative Council moved to the Tamar site in 2011, the building reverted to its judicial role, housing the Court of Final Appeal starting on September 7, 2015. The opening ceremony was attended by Chief Justice Geoffrey Ma Tao-li.The building was constructed on reclaimed land, with a foundation supported by hundreds of Chinese fir tree trunks, effectively 'floating' on a timber raft. A groundwater replenishment system maintains the necessary groundwater level. The building's symmetrical design covers an area of 2,660 square meters (28,600 sq ft), with a height of around 40 meters (130 ft). A pediment above the central section features a Statue of Justice and an inscription reading 'Erected AD MDCCCCX.' Beneath it is a carving of the British royal coat of arms, which includes the emblems of England, Scotland, and Ireland, supported by an English lion and Scottish unicorn, topped with a royal crown. The motto 'Dieu et mon droit' (God and my right) appears beneath the arms, flanked by the figures of Mercy and Truth.

The Unity & District Heritage Museum Board was established in 1978, following the donation of the grounds by the Town of Unity under the administration of Mayor Len Boxell. The first buildings moved to the site were the East Bank and Adanac Schools, each purchased for $1. These schools were temporarily located on the Unity Public School grounds while a new school was being constructed. They were relocated in 1978 by Jim and Graham Martin Movers.The museum encompasses numerous ghost communities, including Adanac, Swarthmore, Vera, Winter, Tako, East Bank, Rutland, Revenue, Denzil, Tramping Lake, and Cloan, as well as the R.M.s of Buffalo, Grass Lake, Tramping Lake, Round Valley, and Senlac. It features over 30 buildings and exhibits, some of which are furnished with unique artifacts. The museum also showcases various tractors, farm machinery, engines, and vehicles that can be observed in operation.The museum operates year-round with the support of 29 volunteers and relies on donations.

Notre-Dame Basilica (French: Basilique Notre-Dame) is a Catholic minor basilica located in the historic Old Montreal district of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Situated at 110 Notre-Dame Street West, at the corner of Saint Sulpice Street, it is adjacent to the Saint-Sulpice Seminary and overlooks Place d'Armes square.The basilica is renowned for its dramatic interior, a Gothic Revival masterpiece. The ceiling is a deep blue adorned with golden stars, while the sanctuary features rich colors—blues, reds, purples, silver, and gold—alongside hundreds of intricate wooden carvings and religious statues. Unlike traditional church stained glass, the windows here depict scenes from Montreal's religious history. A standout feature is the 1891 Casavant Frères pipe organ, with 7,000 pipes, four keyboards, and 99 stops.The Sulpicians, a Roman Catholic order, arrived in Montreal (then Ville-Marie) in 1657, and by 1672 had built the original parish church, dedicated to the Holy Name of Mary. By 1824, the congregation outgrew the church, leading to the commissioning of a new design by James O'Donnell, an Irish-American Anglican. O'Donnell, a proponent of the Gothic Revival style, converted to Catholicism on his deathbed and is the only person buried in the church’s crypt. The new basilica's construction took place between 1824 and 1829, with the towers completed in the 1840s. When finished, it was the largest church in North America.Throughout its history, Notre-Dame has undergone various modifications. Notably, the interior was redesigned by Victor Bourgeau in the 1870s, drawing inspiration from Sainte-Chapelle in Paris. A more intimate chapel, Chapelle du Sacré-Cœur, was added in 1888 but was later destroyed by arson in 1978. The chapel was rebuilt, blending traditional and modern elements, including an impressive bronze altarpiece by Quebec sculptor Charles Daudelin.The basilica has hosted many significant events, including state funerals for notable figures such as former Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau and hockey legend Maurice 'Rocket' Richard. It was also the setting for Celine Dion’s wedding to René Angélil in 1994 and Angélil's funeral in 2016. Additionally, the basilica welcomed a display of Napoleon Bonaparte’s artifacts in 2014 and accepted donations in 2019 to support the reconstruction of Notre-Dame de Paris after its devastating fire.With around 11 million annual visitors, Notre-Dame Basilica is one of North America's most visited monuments. In 2023, it was named the 6th most beautiful building in the world by Angi, a home service publication that ranked Notre-Dame de Paris second and Barcelona's Sagrada Família first.In 1982, Pope John Paul II elevated Notre-Dame to the status of a minor basilica. It was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1989, further cementing its role as a cultural and architectural icon.

The Humboldt station, located in Humboldt, Saskatchewan, is a historic former railway station built by the Canadian Northern Railway along the Winnipeg to Edmonton mainline. This 1½-story, wood-frame structure was completed in 1905. The last CNR passenger trains, numbered 9 and 10, ceased service at the station in 1963, with service briefly restored in 1978. In 1980, the station was served by Via Rail's rail liner. The building was officially designated as a historic railway station in 1992.

The Resort Village of Cochin, situated between Murray and Jackfish Lakes along Highway 4 North, offers a picturesque setting filled with natural beauty, including trees, hills, songbirds, and various waterfowl like pelicans, loons, and ducks. A serene creek links the two lakes, making it a haven for nature enthusiasts. Jackfish Lake, formed by glacial activity, features a notable 'rock island' near Martinson's Beach, which becomes a sanctuary for birds in the summer and a prime fishing spot year-round. Historically, the area served as a key route for First Nations people, fur traders, missionaries, and adventurers. The Cochin-Green Lake Trail, located 4.5 kilometers south of Cochin, once connected the Hudson Bay post at Green Lake with the south. This trail played a crucial role during the fur trade era and was actively patrolled by the North West Mounted Police during the North-West Resistance in 1885. It was also crossed by troops pursuing Big Bear during that time. To the north of Cochin lie the Saulteaux and Moosomin First Nations, and the village is surrounded by family farms, with Battlefords Provincial Park just a short drive away. The village was named after Father Louis Cochin, a Catholic missionary who founded the Thunderchild Mission in 1884. Father Cochin is remembered for his work with the Cree, especially during the North-West Resistance of 1885, where he acted as a mediator between Major-General Middleton and Poundmaker’s Band. He lived in the area, spending winters by Jackfish Lake, and passed away in 1927, with the village later being named in his honor. French settlers began arriving around Jackfish Lake by 1907, leading to the establishment of businesses and the opening of the Cochin Post Office in 1915. During the 1920s, the area developed as a summer resort destination as families from surrounding regions leased land around the lakes, leading to the construction of cabins and the growth of Cochin. Commercial fishing and market gardens also emerged during this period. Cochin was officially recognized as an organized hamlet in 1978 and later incorporated as a resort village on January 1, 1988. The summer population exceeds 2,500 when including neighboring resort areas. Today, Cochin's economy thrives on tourism, supported by activities like camping, fishing, boating, hiking, and golf, as well as a lighthouse attraction. The village offers amenities such as two stores, service stations, a post office, a community hall, two churches, a fire hall, and playgrounds. As of 2016, Cochin had a population of 148 and is located within Census Division No. 17 on the shores of Jackfish Lake in the Rural Municipality of Meota No. 468.

The Third Tunnel of Aggression (Korean: 제3땅굴; also known as the Third Infiltration Tunnel or 3rd Tunnel) is one of four known tunnels under the border between North Korea and South Korea, located south of Panmunjom, just 44 kilometers (27 miles) from Seoul. Discovered in October 1978, the tunnel's existence was initially detected following an underground explosion in June 1978, likely caused by the tunnellers who had excavated 435 meters (1,427 feet) beneath the southern side of the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). It took four months to precisely locate and dig an intercept tunnel. The incomplete tunnel is 1,635 meters (1.0 mile) long, with a maximum height of 1.95 meters (6 feet 5 inches) and a width of 2.1 meters (6 feet 11 inches). It runs through bedrock at a depth of about 73 meters (240 feet) below ground. Designed for a surprise attack on Seoul, it could reportedly accommodate 30,000 troops per hour along with light weaponry. Following its discovery, the United Nations Command accused North Korea of violating the 1953 Korean Armistice Agreement, and South Korea labeled it a 'tunnel of aggression.' Initially, North Korea denied constructing the tunnel, later claiming it was part of a coal mine, though the tunnel's walls are visibly granite, not sedimentary rock typical of coal deposits. To date, four such tunnels have been discovered, but there are believed to be up to twenty more. While the South Korean Armed Forces continue to search for infiltration tunnels, their significance has diminished due to the increased effectiveness of North Korean long-range artillery and missiles. The tunnel is now a tourist attraction, though it remains heavily guarded. Visitors can enter either by walking down a steep incline from a lobby with a gift shop or by riding a rubber-tyred train with padded seats. Photography is prohibited inside the tunnel, and the Military Demarcation Line is blocked by three concrete barricades. Tourists are allowed to walk up to the third barricade, with the second barricade visible through a small window in the third.

Situated in Paju-si, Gyeonggi-do, and at the northernmost point of the Military Demarcation Line, Dora Observatory replaced the Songaksan Observation Post. From the observatory, visitors can overlook North Korea, including Kaeseong, Songaksan, the Kim Il-Sung Statue, and the Cooperation Farm (Geumamgol). The observatory offers 500 seats, VIP rooms, and ample parking. It opened to the public in January 1987. Nearby is the Third Underground Tunnel, built by North Korea and discovered in 1978. The tunnel stretches over 1.6 km with a height and width of 2 meters, capable of mobilizing 30,000 troops in an hour. Attractions in front of the tunnel include the DMZ Media Hall, the DMZ Exhibition Hall, sculptures, and souvenir shops. Visitors can explore the tunnel by walking or riding the monorail. Civilian access is restricted, so visitors must join the DMZ Peace & Security Tourist Program by Paju-si to visit the observatory. The shuttle bus from Imjingak Resort or Dorasan Station covers the Dora Observatory, Third Underground Tunnel, Dorasan Station, and Unification Village. Visitors must carry their passport, which is checked at the Unification Bridge checkpoint.

Tenuta San Guido stands as a distinguished Italian wine producer nestled in the DOC Bolgheri in Toscana, renowned for its creation of 'Super Tuscan' wines. Notably, it crafts Sassicaia, a Bordeaux-style red wine acclaimed in oenophile circles. The estate also boasts Guidalberto as its second wine and Le Difese as its third. A proud member of the Primum Familiae Vini, Tenuta San Guido has a rich history steeped in winemaking excellence. Established by marchese Mario Incisa della Rocchetta, also a co-owner of the renowned racehorse Ribot, Tenuta San Guido's prominence burgeoned with the creation of Sassicaia. The name Sassicaia, derived from the Italian 'sasso,' meaning 'stone,' was born in 1948 when Incisa della Rocchetta first crafted it using Cabernet Sauvignon vines, initially intended solely for familial consumption. Contrary to a narrative linking its vines to Château Lafite-Rothschild, dismissed by Mario's son Nicolò Incisa della Rocchetta, the vineyard was actually cultivated from cuttings sourced from a friend's estate near Pisa, boasting 50-year-old vines. While Sassicaia was initially a private reserve, it was later commercialized at the behest of Mario's son Nicolò and nephew Piero Antinori, with the 1968 vintage marking its debut in 1971. Its limited initial release sparked significant demand, leading Mario Incisa della Rocchetta to engage the expertise of consulting enologist Giacomo Tachis to refine the wine and expand its production. In a 1978 Decanter tasting of esteemed clarets, the 1972 Sassicaia triumphed, securing first place among 33 wines from 11 countries, a testament to its exceptional quality. Notably, in 1994, Sassicaia was granted its unique DOC (Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC), an exclusive honor for a single-estate wine in Italy, having previously been classified as an IGT (Indicazione geografica tipica) and initially designated as a Vino da tavola. Spanning 75 hectares in Bolgheri, Tenuta San Guido cultivates primarily Cabernet Sauvignon (85%) and Cabernet Franc (15%) grapes. Its annual production approximates 180,000 bottles. Guidalberto, introduced in 2000, initially blended Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, and Sangiovese, later evolving to exclude Sangiovese. Le Difese, the newest addition, marries Cabernet Sauvignon and Sangiovese, yielding 120,000 bottles annually.

Kwangmyŏng Station (Korean: 광명역) is a former station on the Hyŏksin Line of the Pyongyang Metro. It has been closed since 1995, primarily because it is situated near the mausoleum of Kim Il Sung, resulting in trains no longer stopping there. The station's entrance is equipped with a parking area for both buses and cars. Nearby, visitors can find the Kumsusan Palace of the Sun, a significant attraction in the area. When in operation, Kwangmyŏng Station had two platforms and two tracks. It was initially opened in 1978 but ceased operations in 1995.

The Chungju Dam, a formidable gravity dam situated on the Namhan River, stands proudly 6 km (approximately 4 miles) northeast of Chungju in South Korea's Chungcheongbuk-do Province. Serving the crucial functions of flood control, water supply, and hydroelectric power generation, this architectural marvel began its construction journey in 1978, reaching completion in 1985. This towering dam, reaching a height of 98 m (approximately 322 ft), holds back a reservoir vast in scale, boasting a volume of 2,750,000,000 m3 (equivalent to 2,229,461 acre⋅ft). This reservoir not only contributes to flood control but also feeds a potent 400 MW power station, emphasizing the multi-faceted utility of the Chungju Dam.

1978 (25)

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1733

1482

1665

24-03-2021

27-12-2023

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