1900 - Data Points by Date/Period

The Deutsch Palace, situated in Szeged, was constructed in the Art Nouveau style between 1900 and 1902. Mihály Erdélyi was the architect behind its design, located at Dózsa utca 2, 6720 Szeged. Ödön Lechner was responsible for the majolica-decorated facade and two staircases, which exhibit influence from his notable work, the Budapest Postal Savings Bank. This architectural style drew inspiration from Hungarian folk art and featured a daring green-blue-orange color combination at the time . Zsolnay ceramics adorn the building's decorations, including the balcony grates, stair railings, and wrought iron entrance door. The house was considered modern due to the inclusion of amenities like bath cylinders and bathtubs in the apartments, which was unconventional for that era. The Puppet Theater operated within the building until the mid-1980s. Adjacent to the next house, a plaque commemorates a section of Gyula Juhász's poem (Dózsa feje) dedicated to the street's namesake.

A special committee of the Jewish religious community in Rijeka began collecting voluntary contributions for the building of a Jewish temple and the purchase of the necessary land in 1890. In 1891, a few thousand florins had already been collected. The action lasted for ten years. In December 1900, the project of the temple to be was designed by the architect W. Stiassny from Vienna. The designed temple was supposed to be built in the Moorish style with a dome. The construction site had already been purchased at the intersection of Kapucinska Street (now Ciottina Street) and Zagrad Street (now Pomerio) on the former Cambieri Square.In May 1901, the Jewish community decided to assign someone else to the project, also a distinguished creator, the architect Leopold (Lipot) Baumhorn from Budapest, whose blueprints were used by a builder from Rijeka, the engineer Carlo Conighi when the construction started in November 1902 after the municipality of Rijeka decided to issue a building permit on 8 October 1902.Lipot Baumhorn (1860-1932) completed his studies at the Polytechnic in Vienna and specialised in the design of Jewish synagogues. Around twenty Jewish temples were built in the Hungarian territory according to his designs. Because the documentation of the Jewish religious community was destroyed during the war, it is impossible to find out why the committee of Rijeka changed the architect but, if the two designs are compared, you could say that they were on the same artistic level.The city's ornamentA lawyer from Rijeka, Dr. Enrico Sachs stood out during the overall effort and organization of collecting contributions for the construction of this magnificent building. During the time he represented the Jewish religious community in front of the municipality of Rijeka, and he handled all the correspondence. From the petition to the Magistrate for permission to build the temple, we learn that the Jewish religious community in RIjeka amounted to 2500 souls in 1901 and such a number of followers undoubtedly required a befitting temple. The community did not have sufficient funds to build the holy temple, so they asked others for help, regardless of their religious views. The community also kept in mind that the job of the construction should go to companies from Rijeka. Therefore, they wrote a petition to the Magistrate asking him, too, to participate with a contribution. The municipality of Rijeka decided to give its contribution in the form of 70 square meters of land in Zagrad street. THe reasoning said that a temple in that street would be an ornament for the city and the municipality of Rijeka wanted to keep its promise to help such plans. The value of the land was estimated at 4200 krone by the municipality of Rijeka. Not to be left out, the governor of Rijeka, Ladislav Szapary ordered that 2000 krone from his private register would be paid out for the construction of the Jewish temple. The construction progressed rapidly and the Community informed the municipality of Rijeka on 18 September 1903 that the new temple had been built based on plans approved under number 17481/1902, asking for an occupancy permit because the beginning of Jewish New Year's festivities was on 22 October. The luxurious synagogue stood right next to today's Faculty of Maritime Studies.As a typical electrician, Baumhorn very successfully and without much hesitation combined Romanesque and Gothic elements with Moorish decoration, and using Pannonian architecture, merged the ingenuity of stone, brick and plaster, building a beautiful, representative and also functional temple - the Rijeka Synagogue.This magnificent building, erected in Rijeka during a great period of urban growth and a historical testimony of the Jewish religious community in RIjeka and the enormous financial sacrifices invested into the construction of this temple, was ruthlessly mined by the Nazi occupiers on 25 January 1944. Our city lost an irreplaceable authentic Lipot Baumhorn work of art, a beautiful example of typical Hungarian eclecticism with construction in brick, completely contrary to the tradition of the Adriatic. Along with Baumhorn's eclecticism, his technical updating is also present in the application of iron structures, which solved wide span arches in the interior and thus let abundant light into the unique space of the temple and the comprehensiveness directed by the lines of force toward the altar, i.e. Aaron ha-Chodesh for the Torah.

The current name of the village, Psarades, means 'fishermen' in Greek. Until 1927, Psarades was known as Nivitsa (Greek: Νίβιτσα). In Macedonian and in Bulgarian it is known as Нивици; Nivici/Nivitsi, meaning fields. At the end of the 19th century, Nivitsi was a predominantly Bulgarian village. The Ethnography of the Adrianople, Monastir and Salonica villas, published in Constantinople in 1878 and reflecting the statistics of the 1873 male population, Nivitzi is referred to as a village in the kaza of Resen with 30 households and 92 Bulgarians. Another report, at the beginning of the 20th century, also stated that Nivitsi was a predominantly Bulgarian village. According to the statistics of Vasil Kanchov (Macedonia, Ethnography and Statistics), 200 Bulgarian Christians lived in the village in 1900. After the Ilinden Uprising in 1904, the whole village passed under the jurisdiction of the Bulgarian Exarchate. According to the Exarchist secretary Dimitar Mishev (1906), there were 528 Bulgarian Exarchists in Nivitsi. The Bulgarian church 'Virgin Mary' was built here in 1893. On 17 June 2018, the Prime Ministers of Greece and the Republic of Macedonia signed an agreement at the village, aiming the end of the Macedonia naming dispute. The Prespa Agreement took its name from homonymous lake, on the shores of which the village of Psarades was built. The 2011 census recorded 83 inhabitants in the village. The community of Psarades covers an area of 41.064 km2 (153⁄4 sq. mi.).

Nikolik (Turkish : Nüklüş-köyü ) is a village in Dojran Municipality. The village is located near the northern shore of the Dojran Lake. It is 12.5 kilometers north of the municipal center Star Dojran, 19.5 kilometers northeast of Bogdanci and 29.5 kilometers northeast of Gevgelija. According to the statistics of Vasil K'nchov (Macedonia, Ethnography and Statistics) from 1900, 160 inhabitants lived in Nikolik, all Macedonians. According to the exarchal secretary Dimitar Mishev, (La Macédoine et sa Population Chrétienne) in 1905 there were 200 Macedonians in Nikolik, under the rule of the Bulgarian exarchy. According to the last census of 2021, 520 inhabitants lived in the village, of which 498 Macedonians, 11 Serbs and 11 persons without data.

The first mention of the Church of San Zenone is found in a document from 1295. However, the Neoclassical structure seen today was built between 1781 and 1818 where a building from 1485 once stood. The detached bell tower incorporated the previous one from 1533. The solemn, austere interior is shaped by a single nave with six side altars, each rich with many prized works of art. They include 16th century altarpieces, such as the Enthroned Virgin Mary with Child and Saints Rock, Zeno, Francis and Sebastian (1514) by Pietro da Vicenza, the Tobias and the Angel with St. Blaise and St. Lawrence (1581), signed and dated by Francesco Floreani, the Ascension (1545) by Venetian artist Giampietro Silvio, slightly recalling the style of Titian, and the Coronation St. Clare, attributed to G. Antonio Fasolo (1530-1572), a student of Veronese. The masterpiece by Gasparo Narvesa, the Virgin Mary with Child, St. Dominic, St. Catherine, the Descent of the Holy Spirit and 14 other Mysteries of the Rosary, was completed in 1617. Another beautiful 17th century altarpiece, by Flemish artist Nicolas Regnier, depicts St. Bruno of Cologne receiving the rules of the order. The 16th-century Crucifix and the baptismal font with a painted wood covering are also worth noting, along with the monument to Father Marco d'Aviano, completed in 1900 by local sculptor Carlo Marini in Pietrasanta (near Lucca). Numerous visitors have come to this sacred place following in the footsteps of Father Marco, including the Austrian Emperor Charles I in 1918.

The Hangang Railway Bridge (Korean: 한강철교) crosses the Han River in Seoul, South Korea and connects Noryangjin Station and Yongsan Station. In March 1896, King Gojong of Joseon granted the American businessman James R. Morse a contract to build a railway between Chemulpo (modern-day Incheon) and Seoul. As part of the railway, construction of the bridge started in March 1897, but due to financial difficulties, Morse's venture was transferred to a Japanese consortium in May 1897. Though the initial contract stipulated the construction of a walkway for pedestrians alongside the railroad tracks, the Japanese consortium finished the construction of the bridge in July 1900 without the walkway, citing financial burden. The construction of the Gyeongbu Line in 1905 necessitated the construction of a second railway bridge, which was finished in September 1912. A footbridge, the precursor to the Hangang Bridge, was finished in 1917. A severe flood in July 1925 necessitated repairs, including the raising of the bridge by one meter.

The Hangang Bridge, literally Han River bridge, crosses the Han River in Seoul, South Korea. It connects the districts of Yongsan-gu to the north and Dongjak-gu to the south, and crosses over the artificial island of Nodeulseom. The bridge carries eight lanes of traffic. The Korea Meteorological Administration considers the Han to be frozen over when the 100-meter section of water between the second and fourth posts of the southern span freezes. Pontoon bridges were moored at the site of the modern bridge, but the Han had no fixed crossings until the nearby Hangang Railway Bridge was completed in 1900. Plans for a road bridge did not materialize until 1917, when the original footbridge (indogyo) opened. It was damaged by a flood in July 1925. In October 1935 a second span was constructed, and tram tracks added. Shortly after the outbreak of the Korean War, South Korean troops bombed the bridge in an attempt to slow invading forces, as it was the river's solitary road crossing. The Hangang Bridge bombing killed between 500 and 1,000 people, mostly civilian refugees, who had not been informed of the plans to destroy the bridge. The bridge was not fully restored until 1954. In 1982 additional lanes were added, and it was renamed Hangang Bridge.

Seoul Station is a major railway station in Seoul, the capital of South Korea. The station is served by the Korail Intercity Lines and the commuter trains of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway. The former Seoul station, Namdaemun Station, started operating in a 33 m2 (10 pyeong) wooden building in July 1900 with the extension of the Gyeongin Line north of the Han River. The Gyeongbu Line opened in 1905, and the Gyeongui Line opened in 1921 – both lines connecting to the station. The construction of the current 'Old Seoul Station' began on June 1, 1922, and was finished on September 30, 1925. In 1923, the station reverted to the name 'Gyeongseong Station,' when the name of the city of Seoul changed from Hanseong to Gyeongseong ('Keijo' in Japanese). The station was renamed 'Seoul Station' on November 1, 1947. The station was expanded throughout the post-Korean War era; the Southern Annex of Seoul Station was completed on December 30, 1957, and the Western Annex was completed on February 14, 1969. In 1975, the Korea National Railroad's office moved from Seoul Station to the new West Annex office. A raised walkway connecting the Seoul Station and the West Annex was completed in 1977, and Korea's first privately funded station was erected in 1988 in time for the Seoul Olympics. In 2004, a new terminal adjacent to the existing one was completed to coincide with the introduction of KTX high-speed rail service. Seoul Station is the terminus of most KTX trains and also the terminus of all ITX-Saemaeul trains along the Gyeongbu and Gyeongjeon Lines to Busan, Daejeon, Daegu, Pohang, Masan and Jinju.

A pillar shrine stands northwest of the village, along the road to Žaga. It is square and covered by a metal square hip roof. Its niche contains a statue of Saint Florian. The shrine dates from circa 1900.

These historic sites are related to Yi Seong-gye (i.e. King Taejo, r. 1392 - 1398), the founder of the Joseon dynasty (1392 - 1910). Omokdae is where Yi Seong-gye threw a party in 1380 to celebrate the victory over a battle at Namwon in which he and his men defeated Japanese pirates. Imokdae, located 400 meters away on the other side of the nearby pedestrian bridge, is believed to be the place where Ye Seong-gye's 4th generation ancestor, Yi An-sa (? - 1274) had lived. In 1897, King Gojong (r. 1863 - 1907) proclaimed the founding of the Korean Empire and designated historic sites related to the royal lineage in order to strengthen his power. Thus in 1900, two monuments bearing the emperor's handwriting were erected at the site of Omokdae and Imokdae. The inscription on the monument in front of Omokdae means, 'a place where King Taejo stayed.' The one on the monument in front of Imokdae means, 'a site where King Mokjo resided.' The memorial pavilion at this site was built in 1988.

1900 (23)

Other Dates/Periods

13-04-2012

02-10-1886

05-12-1981

1592 - 1594

17-06-2018

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