1870 - Data Points by Date/Period

The Molson Bank Building was constructed in 1866 at the corner of St. Peter and St. James streets (now rue Saint-Pierre and rue Saint-Jacques) in Old Montreal as the headquarters for Molson Bank, founded by William Molson (1793–1875). This was Montreal’s first building designed in the Second Empire style, a design led by architect George Browne and his son, John James George Browne.Molson Bank merged with the Bank of Montreal in 1925.The construction of the Molson Bank Building began in 1864 and completed in 1866. Due to outgrowing its previous location on St. James Street, Molson Bank acquired a neighboring lot in 1863, and an architectural competition awarded the design to George and John James Browne. Construction involved demolishing existing buildings on the site, with the bank’s counters and offices located on the first floor and basement. The upper floors, accessed from St. Peter Street, were leased to various tenants, including a publisher.In 1870, Molson Bank expanded by opening branches, establishing its head office on St. James Street as the main branch. By 1883, the bank occupied the entire building, which was expanded further in 1900 and 1911 to cover the entire lot. The original St. Peter Street entrance was eventually replaced with an entrance on Saint-Jacques Street.Following the 1925 merger with the Bank of Montreal, the building housed a branch and international services. In 1923-1924, the first floor was extended to Notre-Dame Street, connecting to the Insurance Exchange building constructed behind it. The Bank of Montreal branch closed in 1981 and was later converted into a training center. After the bank disposed of the property in 1999, it was renovated and eventually occupied by government and legal offices by 2009.

Fort Pelly was a Hudson's Bay Company fur trading post in Saskatchewan, Canada, named after Sir John Pelly, the company's governor. The current village of Pelly is located about 8 miles north of the fort's original site.Before Fort Pelly, there was Fort Hibernia in the vicinity. The original Fort Pelly was established in 1824 at the northeast elbow of the Assiniboine River, near a key portage between the Assiniboine and Swan Rivers. It was the administrative center for the Hudson's Bay Company's Swan River District. The fort included a dwelling house, Indian house, staff houses, a store, and stables, all within a square palisade. The first chief trader was Alan McDonell. The fort traded with Cree and Salteaux Natives and employed people from these communities. After being destroyed by fire in 1842, it was rebuilt by chief trader Cuthbert Cumming. Thomas McKay, who later became the first mayor of Prince Albert, was born there in 1849.In 1856, Fort Pelly was relocated about a quarter mile southeast to avoid flooding. The original site remained in use until at least 1859. By 1870, the Hudson's Bay Company ceded its lands to Canada, retaining its posts. The fort was on block 17 of the Fort Pelly Reserve until Fort Ellice took over as district headquarters around 1871. The arrival of the Canadian Northern Railway in 1909, 6 miles north of Fort Pelly, led to a decline in trade, and the fort was abandoned in June 1912.Excavations by the Saskatchewan Museum of Natural History in 1971 and 1972 uncovered all known buildings and recovered 7,000 artifacts. The site of the first Fort Pelly was designated a Historic Site by Saskatchewan in 1986 and is managed by Saskatchewan Parks Service. The site of the second fort was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1953 and is maintained by the Fort Pelly Historical Society.

Penfolds, established in Adelaide in 1844 by Christopher Rawson Penfold, an English physician who migrated to Australia with his wife Mary Penfold, stands as one of the oldest Australian wine producers. Presently, it operates under the umbrella of Treasury Wine Estates. Peter Gago has held the position of chief winemaker since 2002, contributing significantly to the brand's legacy.History of Penfolds WineriesThe text chronicles the establishment and growth of Penfolds, beginning with the arrival of Christopher and Mary Penfold in Australia in 1844. Christopher, an English physician, believed in the medicinal benefits of wine and, with Mary, set out to create wine tonics for treating anaemia. They cultivated vineyards at the Magill Estate and expanded production, offering various wines beyond fortified ones like sherry and port. After Christopher's death in 1870, Mary took over and expanded the business, engaging in experimentation and new production methods. Mary retired in 1884, leaving the business to her daughter and son-in-law, who continued its success. In the early 20th century, Penfolds grew, acquiring more vineyards. The company's focus shifted to table wines in the 1940s, leading to the creation of iconic wines like 'Grange' by chief winemaker Max Schubert. Ownership changes occurred over the years, with control passing through various companies, including Tooth and Co. and SA Brewing, before ultimately becoming part of Foster's Group and later Treasury Wine Estates (TWE). Penfolds presently operates two wineries: Magill Estate and Nuriootpa. The narrative culminates in 2012 with Penfolds releasing a limited edition '2004 Block 42' wine in glass ampoules, touted as one of the most expensive wines sold directly from a winery.Penfolds manages several vineyards across South Australia, each specializing in various grape varieties: In Adelaide: - Magill Estate spans 5.34 hectares (13.2 acres) and focuses on shiraz. In Barossa Valley: - Kalimna, a property covering 290 hectares (720 acres) with 153 hectares (380 acres) under vine, cultivates shiraz, cabernet sauvignon, mataro (mourvèdre), and includes eight rows of sangiovese. - Koonunga Hill spans 93 hectares (230 acres) and specializes in shiraz and cabernet sauvignon. - Waltons covers 317 hectares (780 acres) with 130 hectares (320 acres) planted, cultivating shiraz, cabernet sauvignon, and mataro (mourvèdre). - Stonewell, spanning 33 hectares (82 acres), focuses on shiraz and cabernet sauvignon. In Eden Valley: - Woodbury encompasses 69.56 hectares (171.9 acres). In McLaren Vale: - Spread across four vineyards, approximately 141 hectares (350 acres) are dedicated to shiraz, grenache, and cabernet sauvignon. In Coonawarra: - Close to 50 hectares (120 acres) mainly specialize in cabernet sauvignon and shiraz.

Bodegas Osborne traces its roots to 1772 when a young English merchant, Thomas Osborne Mann, ventured to the Cádiz region, initially selling wines and later consolidating various wineries in El Puerto de Santa María under the now-renowned brand, Osborne. Over nearly 250 years, Osborne evolved into a prominent business group with global renown. Since the late 19th century, Osborne has expanded its reach, establishing a factory in Tomelloso, La Mancha, contributing significantly to the brandy production of the Osborne Group. Additionally, Bodega Montecillo, a Osborne-owned winery founded in 1870 in Fuenmayor, specializes in Rioja DO wines. In the 1990s, Osborne's growth continued with the construction of a winery in Malpica de Tajo, Toledo, featuring an 800-hectare vineyard. Here, under the Solaz brand, the winery offers a diverse range of red, white, and rosé wines. Further diversification unfolded in 1999 when Osborne ventured into producing Ribera del Duero wines under the Señorío del Cid label. Expanding its portfolio, in 2007, Osborne introduced DO Rueda wines under the same brand, showcasing its commitment to expanding and refining its wine offerings across different regions and appellations.

The Church, situated in the northern part of the settlement and encircled by the cemetery, honors Mary Magdalene. It boasts a rectangular nave, accompanied by a bell tower on the southern wall and balanced side chapels. Towards the north, a polygonal chancel, enclosed on three sides, stands prominently. The stonework, crafted by Andrej Cesar in 1869, and the paintings by Tommaso Fantoni and Matija Koželj in 1870, contribute to its rich history and artistry.

Since 1778, an Evangelical community of the Augustan Confession has thrived in Trieste, drawing a receptive middle class to Lutheran Reformation teachings. Lutheran merchants initially arrived in 1719, but formal religious services were authorized only in 1778 by Empress Maria Theresa and later Joseph II. In 1786, they acquired Our Lady of the Rosary church, reselling it in 1870 to fund the current Evangelical Lutheran church's construction in neo-Gothic style. The church, designed by architect Zimmermann, features a grand pointed bell tower, slate roofs, and a stunning stained glass choir window depicting Raphael's Transfiguration of Christ. Services in German and Italian are held alternately on Sundays, reflecting the community's language diversity.

Situated within the municipality of Govone in the province of Cuneo, the Govone Castle played a prominent role as one of the royal residences of the Savoy family from 1792 to 1870. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site since 1997, it now functions as the town hall. The castle's location on a hill had historical significance, with a medieval fortress having previously occupied the site. During the late 17th century, the Solaro/Solari counts commissioned architect Guarino Guarini to expand and enhance the castle. Although Guarini prepared designs, he did not complete the project. Almost a century later, architect Benedetto Alfieri took up the task and finalized the construction based on Guarini's drawings. Ownership of the castle transferred to the House of Savoy in 1792. In the early 19th century, King Charles Felix (Carlo Felice) and his wife Maria Cristina oversaw extensive renovations, incorporating their own designs. They also worked on the adjacent park, creating an Italian garden. After being owned by the municipality of Govone since the late 19th century, the castle joined the Castelli Doc circuit in 2007, which includes other historic castles in the region. Notably, Govone Castle is part of the 'Castelli Aperti' circuit in Lower Piedmont. Its key attractions include a grand staircase adorned with reliefs and telamons from Venaria Reale's gardens, along with rooms featuring intricate Chinese papers. The ballroom showcases frescoes depicting the mythological tale of Niobe by Luigi Vacca and Fabrizio Sevesi, who also painted trompe-l'œil frescoes simulating statues in the central hall.

The House of Georgi Hadzhi Nikolaidi, also known as the House of Georgi Nikolaidi, is a bourgeois revival residence dating back to the second half of the 19th century. It is situated in the central part of Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Constructed between 1868 and 1870, the house was initially commissioned by Georgi Hadzhi Nikolaidi, a prosperous tobacco merchant who was among the wealthiest inhabitants of Plovdiv during that era. In 1905, the property changed hands and was acquired by Georgi Šivačev, Plovdiv's first practicing lawyer following Bulgaria's liberation, who had studied law in Zurich. Recently, in 2012, the building underwent a restoration process. At present (2023), it functions as a hostel. The architectural style of the house exemplifies the Bulgarian Revival Baroque, specifically of the Plovdiv type. Notably, the building exhibits an asymmetrical design, featuring a two-story unevenness between the side facing the yard and the side facing the street. From the yard, it appears as a one-story structure with a portico featuring a tympanum and a gable roof, beneath which a double-arm staircase leads to the entrance. Inside the building, a narrow two-arm staircase connects the different floors. On the street-facing side, the central part of the facade is flanked by two bay windows, each adorned with triangular pediments. Recognizing its historical and cultural significance, the building was designated as a cultural monument of national importance and was officially included in State Gazette No. 4 of 1995.

As a result of the early adoption of Christianity in Philippopolis and the active religious life of the local Christian community even as early as the period of the Late Roman Empire, the Bishop's Residence was located in the city. The Metropolitan Church of Plovdiv, situated at the eastern foot of Taksim Tepe Hill, was built in honour of St Marina the Great Martyr. The church was repeatedly demolished and rebuilt. Between 1851 and 1856 it was rebuilt by master-builders from the Bratsigovo building school, under the guidance of Nikola Tomchev-Ustabashiiski. The church is an impressive three-nave pseudo basilica with a polygonal dome. In the western colonnade entrance there are murals depicting scenes from the Old Testament, painted by the icon-painter Nikola of Edirne. The old walnut tree iconostasis of 1928, made by the master-carvers Kosta Kotsi and Kosta Passiko from Metsovo, has been restored to its place. Its main donor was Doushko Moravenov from Koprivshtitsa. The old icons of St Marina and the Nativity, painted by the famous icon-painter Nikola of Edirne, have also been preserved. In 1860 the icons of Jesus Christ and the Holy Virgin, painted by the Revival period painter Stanislav Dospevski, were placed on both sides of the Royal Doors. Some of the woodcarvings were produced by the Debar master-carver Dimitar Stanishev. The church is part of the ensemble including also the Bishop's Library, the building of the Orthodox Bishop's Residence that was built in the 1880s, a marble fountain in the churchyard and the remarkable wooden belfry. It was erected above the door on the northern fence wall in 1870. With its five level 17 metre high structure, the belfry dominates the landscape around. At the bottom of the tower there is a passage to the street.

The Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary (Macedonian: Црква 'Св. Богородица') is a Macedonian Orthodox church of the Prespa-Pelagona Diocese in Bitola, North Macedonia. Built in 1870, and consecrated in 1876, the church's icon collection contains icons dating from the 19th century. Among the church's icons is a miraculous (čudotvorna) icon of the Virgin Mary that had been stolen from the church in the 1970s and returned in 2017. The church is listed as an Object of Cultural Heritage by the Ministry of Culture.

1870 (13)

Other Dates/Periods

1921 - 1944

20-11-1997

1796 - 1810

1992

30-03-1993

Helpful Links

Read Now

Currently Analyzing